Seroprevalence Survey of Zoonoses in Extremadura, Southwestern Spain, 2002–2003

Abstract

SUMMARY: Our aims were to determine the seroprevalence rates for the most common types of zoonosis among the population of Extremadura (southwestern Spain) and to identify the associated risk factors. We conducted a seroepidemiological survey to collect information on family background and the habits of people residing in Extremadura between 2002 and 2003. Antibodies to Brucella were determined by Rose Bengal staining and a standard tube agglutination test; a titer of 1/80 was considered to be positive. Antibody titers for spotted fever, leishmaniasis, echinococcosis, and toxoplasmosis were determined by enzyme-immunoassays. Independent risk factors identified were age (younger age for brucellosis), male gender (brucellosis, spotted fever, and toxoplasmosis), occupation and contact with animals (brucellosis and spotted fever for those in contact with goats, hydatidosis for those in contact with sheep, leishmaniasis for those in contact with dogs, and toxoplasmosis for those in contact with cats and pigs), and consuming contaminated food (brucellosis by eating fresh cheese, hydatidosis by eating homemade sausages, and toxoplasmosis by eating pork). Except for leishmaniasis, the other zoonoses were more prevalent in rural areas, and, with the exception of brucellosis, they were all more prevalent in Badajoz. The distribution of zoonoses in Extremadura was strongly influenced by keeping livestock and eating habits. Thus, brucellosis was more prevalent in Caceres (associated with cheese consumption), while toxoplasmosis (pork consumption) and spotted fever (from hunting) were more common in Badajoz.

Evidence-practice gap analysis in the role of tick in brucellosis transmission: a scoping review

“…Several studies have investigated the role of ticks in the transmission of Brucella species. One study in Spain found that ticks collected from livestock were positive for Brucella DNA, suggesting their potential role as vectors for brucellosis transmission [ 73 ]. Similarly, another study conducted in Iran detected Brucella DNA in ticks collected from sheep and goats [ 74 ].…”

Survey of Zoonoses in Extremadura, Spain

“…Dear Editor: In a previous issue of the Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, Asencio et al carried out a study on the seroprevalence, and the risk factors associated with, 5 major zoonotic diseases namely brucellosis, echinococcosis, spotted fever, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis, in the Spanish region of Extremadura (1). Despite their comprehensive study, and the limitations that the authors recognized in their paper, several further remarks should be taken into account.…”

Control of Brucella Organisms During Manufacturing of Acid Cheese Using Some Organic Acids

“…Independent risk factors for brucellosis found were younger age, male gender, profession and contact with animals and consumption of contaminated fresh cheese. Brucellosis were more prevalent in rural areas associated with cheese consumption (Asencio et al, 2014). Rates of Brucella in human in the province that makes cheese with raw milk is the double as that use pasteurized milk (Celebi et al, 2013).…”