Serotiny, Geography, and Fire in the Pine Barrens of New Jersey

Givnish, Thomas J.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04862.x

Cited by 90 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Once ignited by Amerindians or lightning (1, 2), such fires were able to burn for many kilometers before being stopped by natural barriers (such as streams, swamps, and topographic breaks) or quenched by rain. For a given climate and soil, the area and local freauencv of fires should increase with the L , area and contiguity of flammable terrain; the greater the area devoid of fire barriers, the more extensive each fire should be, increasing the average fire frequency at each point (13). After European settlement, we believe that local fire freauencies were reduced (14) not only by overt suppression, but also by fragmentation of a fire-urone landsca~e bv " .…”

Section: Ecological Determinants Of Species Loss In Remnant Prairiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…,~ , such predictions ignore the effects of fragmentation on landscape-scale processes, such as wildfire, that affect the disturbance regime within individual patches (13). We propose that such effects are a dominant source of plant species loss in prairie remnants in the central United States: that thev lead to disproportionate losses in short-statured, N-fixing, and small-seeded species; and that such losses are greatest in the most productive environments.…”

Section: Ecological Determinants Of Species Loss In Remnant Prairiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The interruotion of the landscawe-scale process of wildfire may be eroding biodiversitv in manv habitats worldwide. The composition, stiucture, dynamics, and productivity of several ecosystems-taiga, temperate forests and grasslands, Mediterranean scrub, savannas, and even some wet trooical forests-are strongly affected by fire; many of their species require fire to persist or reproduce (1,(13)(14)(15)28). The mechanism underlying local plant extinction we propose for prairies may operate in many other fragmented communities and thus have broad ramifications for conservation and ecosystem management.…”

Section: Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Determinants of Species Loss in Remnant Prairies

Leach

Givnish

1996

Science

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431

313

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Recensuses of 54 Wisconsin prairie remnants showed that 8 to 60 percent of the original plant species were lost from individual remnants over a 32- to 52-year period. The pattern of species loss was consistent with the proposed effects of fire suppression caused by landscape fragmentation. Short, small-seeded, or nitrogen-fixing plants showed the heaviest losses, as did species growing in the wettest, most productive environments. The interruption of landscape-scale processes (such as wildfire) by fragmentation is an often overlooked mechanism that may be eroding biodiversity in many habitats around the world.

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Section: Ecological Determinants Of Species Loss In Remnant Prairiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Ecological Determinants Of Species Loss In Remnant Prairiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecological Determinants of Species Loss in Remnant Prairies

Leach

Givnish

1996

Science

Self Cite

431

313

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“…The variation in P. rigida may be related both to gene flow and fire regime (Ledig andFryer 1972, Givnish 1981). The only previous study we know that documented quantitatively the relationship of serotiny to fire frequency showed that for P. rigida over a restricted geographic range in the New Jersey Pine Barrens there appears to be a relationship between local historical fire regimes and levels of serotiny (Givnish 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Disturbance History and Serotiny of Pinus contorta in Western Montana

Muir¹,

Lotan²

1985

Ecology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. This content downloaded from 128.235.251.160 on Sun, Abstract. Mature Pinus contorta var. latifolia in the Bitterroot watershed of western Montana bear either predominantly serotinous cones (cone scales sealed by a resin bond and requiring a heat treatment for opening) or nonserotinous cones. This study investigated the extent to which amongstand variation in serotiny could be explained by environmental variables, estimated fire frequency, and the nature of the stand-initiating disturbance. The frequency distribution of serotiny at the stand level was bimodal, with peaks near 25 and 75% serotinous cones. Stand-level serotiny was not related to measured environmental variables and was only weakly related to estimated fire frequency. In contrast, much of the among-stand variation in serotiny could be explained by the nature of the standinitiating disturbance, with a predominance of serotinous trees in stands that had originated from stand-replacing burs and of nonserotinous trees in those that had originated from disturbances not related to fire. The disturbance regime is highly variable in time and space, and this variability, coupled with gene flow, is an important factor maintaining the polymorphism of cone type in stands.

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“…Considerable variation has already been reported within pitch pine populations for other characteristics, but it would be useful to know if within-population differences in cold tolerance are random as suggested by Guries and Ledig (1979) for allozymes, or related to differences in natural selection as suggested by Givnish (1981) for cone serotiny. The relative ranking of families within populations changed over time, but some families were consistently tolerant (4, 28) or intolerant (12, 13, 27) within their respective populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%