Serotonin and Human Myoclonus

Pranzatelli, Michael R.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1994.00540180083018

Cited by 46 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 137 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The underlying cause of this pathology has yet to be fully elucidated. There is some evidence to suggest that serotonin might play a role due to its involvement in other myoclonic disorders [6]. Furthermore, gabapentin has been shown to increase whole blood serotonin levels in healthy young men, adding more evidence to this theory [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gabapentin-induced Facial Myoclonus in the Setting of Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease

Hampton¹,

Shahrestani²,

Little³

2019

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An 82-year-old male with chronic kidney disease presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of left sided facial myoclonus. Myoclonus is a rare, but known side effect of gabapentin; however, there does not appear to be documented cases of gabapentin-induced facial myoclonus described in the emergency medicine literature. This case discusses the emergency department evaluation and inpatient treatment of gabapentin-induced facial myoclonus in the setting of acute on chronic kidney disease. Though rare, side effects of gabapentin should remain on a broad differential diagnosis in patients taking the medication who present with myoclonus, especially in the setting of chronic kidney disease.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gabapentin-induced Facial Myoclonus in the Setting of Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease

Hampton¹,

Shahrestani²,

Little³

2019

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 7 ] However, exact mechanism of antipsychotic-induced myoclonus is not known; hypothesis that multiple effects on serotonergic neurotransmission are involved has the strongest evidence. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-dependent olanzapine-induced myoclonus

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanism of GBP‐induced myoclonus may be different from uremia‐induced myoclonus. It has been suggested that the serotonin neurotransmitter system may be involved, as this system has been intimately linked to myoclonus (8). Whole‐blood levels of serotonin are increased in healthy volunteer receiving GBP (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gabapentin‐induced Myoclonus in End‐stage Renal Disease

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary: Purpose:We analyzed the occurrence and clinical features of myoclonus in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who were treated with gabapentin (GBP).Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with ESRD who were treated with GBP and hospitalized during an 18-month period and analyzed clinical details such as type of myoclonus, doses of GBP, electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, and relation of symptoms to GBP exposure and dosage.Results: Three of 71 patients had myoclonus with GBP doses ranging from 9 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg and within 4 months of treatment onset. Myoclonus was characterized as multifocal, involving all extremities in the three patients. EEG did not show epileptiform discharges with the myoclonus. Myoclonus resolved in the three individuals within 4-15 days after GBP was discontinued.Conclusions: GBP increases the risk of myoclonus in ESRD. Myoclonus in these individuals was more disabling than that in patients with normal renal function, and discontinuation of GBP is required to restore normal function. Key Words: Gabapentin-Myoclonus-End-stage renal disease.Myoclonus occurs in a wide variety of situations, including epilepsy, posthypoxic brain injury, metabolic derangement, and focal brain lesions. In addition, it has been observed as a side effect of medication and has been documented with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including gabapentin (GBP) (1). Nonepileptic focal and multifocal myoclonus has been seen in a few patients using GBP and in some patients using the related anticonvulsant, pregabalin (PGB) (2). GBP is structurally related to the neurotransmitter γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA). Pharmacokinetic studies in humans have shown that GBP is not metabolized, is not bound to serum proteins, and is cleared by renal excretion alone (3). GBP clearance is linearly related to creatinine clearance and is decreased in the elderly and in individuals with impaired renal function (4). Uremia in humans can cause spontaneous and stimulussensitive myoclonus (5). Thus we investigated the occurrence of GBP-induced myoclonus in patients with endstage renal disease (ESRD). METHODSWe reviewed the medical records of 71 patients with ESRD who took GBP between January 1, 2000, and September 31, 2002. GBP was used for various reasons. Inpatient records, including progress notes or outpatient follow-up notes or both, were reviewed ≤6 months after starting GBP. Myoclonus was defined as sudden, brief shock-like involuntary movements. It was classified as focal when limited to one limb or multifocal when it occurred asynchronously in two or more extremities. The frequency of myoclonus refers to the number of isolated twitches occurring over a period of time. It was considered high frequency when the twitches occurred more than once per minute. Clinical details including type of myoclonus, doses of GBP, EEG findings, and duration of symptoms relative to GBP exposure and reduction were analyzed RESULTSThree of the 71 patients had myoclonus. More detailed clinical information from these three indiv...

show abstract

Serotonin and Human Myoclonus

Cited by 46 publications

References 137 publications

Gabapentin-induced Facial Myoclonus in the Setting of Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease

Gabapentin-induced Facial Myoclonus in the Setting of Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease

Dose-dependent olanzapine-induced myoclonus

Gabapentin‐induced Myoclonus in End‐stage Renal Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About