Serotype Distribution and Invasive Potential of Group B Streptococcus Isolates Causing Disease in Infants and Colonizing Maternal-Newborn Dyads

Madzivhandila, Mashudu; Adrian, Peter V.; Cutland, Clare; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Schrag, Stephanie J.; Madhi, Shabir А.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017861

Cited by 89 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This can be attributed to the stable relationship between serotype and pilus island combinations, and suggests that the difference in pilus island distribution between colonizing and invasive disease isolates was due to the difference in the relative invasive potential of different serotypes (Madzivhandila et al, 2011). This is similar to what has been reported by Margarit et al (2009) where it was shown that the relationship between pilus island and serotype was conserved irrespective of whether isolates were from a colonizing or invasive group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…All the isolates had been archived in skim milk, tryptone, glycerol and glucose broth (STGG) at 270 uC at the Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit (RMPRU), Johannesburg, South Africa. Serotyping of the isolates was determined as described previously (Madzivhandila et al, 2011). GBS reference strains 2603 V/R (PI-1 and PI-2a) and COH1 (PI-2b) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of pilus islands of group B streptococcus associated with maternal colonization and invasive disease in South Africa

Madzivhandila

Adrian

Cutland

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis. Sortase-dependent piluslike structures have been identified on the surface of GBS, and have been found to be important in the adhesion and attachment of GBS to host cells. Three pilus island alleles, PI-1, PI-2a and PI2b, have been described, and their proteins are being explored as vaccine candidates. The pilus islands from 541 colonization isolates and 284 invasive isolates were characterized by PCR. All isolates carried at least one pilus island, and they were identified alone or in combinations at the following overall frequencies: PI-2a, 29.8 %; PI-2b, 0.2 %; PI-1+PI-2a, 24.8 %; and PI-1+PI-2b, 45.1 %. A combination of PI-1+PI-2a (28.7 vs 17.6 %) was more common among colonizing compared with invasive isolates. Conversely, a combination of PI-1+PI-2b (37.2 vs 60.2 %) was more frequently associated with invasive disease compared to colonization. There was a strong association between pilus islands when adjusted for serotype distribution, PI-2a was identified in 92.6 % of colonizing and 90.0 % of invasive serotype Ia isolates, whereas serotype III was associated with co-expression of a PI-1 and PI-2b among 84.6 % of colonizing and 96.5 % of invasive isolates. Based on this homogeneity of pilus island distribution, a pilus-based vaccine developed for Europe and the USA will have similar coverage in South Africa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of pilus islands of group B streptococcus associated with maternal colonization and invasive disease in South Africa

Madzivhandila

Adrian

Cutland

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Multiple surveillance studies have indicated that all serotypes are able to colonize the vagina and perianal region of pregnant women, but five serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, and V) are predominant and are also the most frequent in human infections (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In particular, serotype III accounts for 30 to 76% of neonatal disease cases (13,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic pH Strongly Enhances In Vitro Biofilm Formation by a Subset of Hypervirulent ST-17 Streptococcus agalactiae Strains

D’Urzo

Martinelli

Pezzicoli

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a primary colonizer of the anogenital mucosa of up to 40% of healthy women and an important cause of invasive neonatal infections worldwide. Among the 10 known capsular serotypes, GBS type III accounts for 30 to 76% of the cases of neonatal meningitis. In recent years, the ability of GBS to form biofilm attracted attention for its possible role in fitness and virulence. Here, a new in vitro biofilm formation protocol was developed to guarantee more stringent conditions, to better discriminate between strong-, low-, and non-biofilm-forming strains, and to facilitate interpretation of data. This protocol was used to screen the biofilm-forming abilities of 366 GBS clinical isolates from pregnant women and from neonatal infections of different serotypes in relation to medium composition and pH. The results identified a subset of isolates of serotypes III and V that formed strong biofilms under acidic conditions. Importantly, the best biofilm formers belonged to serotype III hypervirulent clone ST-17. Moreover, the abilities of proteinase K to strongly inhibit biofilm formation and to disaggregate mature biofilms suggested that proteins play an essential role in promoting GBS biofilm initiation and contribute to biofilm structural stability. Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a leading cause of invasive neonatal infections worldwide. It is a common colonizer of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts of up to 40% of healthy individuals (1). However, under certain circumstances, GBS can become a life-threatening pathogen causing invasive infections in human neonates (2, 3). Earlyonset group B streptococcal disease occurs in infants less than 7 days old, and late-onset disease (LOD) occurs in infants between 7 and 89 days old. GBS is usually transmitted from mothers to newborns during childbirth (4), but it can also penetrate the human placenta (5), and in the case of LOD, it can be nosocomially acquired.Historically, GBS isolates have been classified into 10 different serotypes according to their capsular polysaccharide composition (6, 7). Multiple surveillance studies have indicated that all serotypes are able to colonize the vagina and perianal region of pregnant women, but five serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, and V) are predominant and are also the most frequent in human infections (8-12). In particular, serotype III accounts for 30 to 76% of neonatal disease cases (13,14). The use of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) allowed the classification of GBS isolates independently from their capsular serotypes and the identification of the bacterial genogroups more often associated with invasive infections in newborns (15). Serotype III isolates of a particular genotype cluster, sequence type 17 (ST-17), disproportionately cause late-onset GBS disease (15-19) and more frequently cause meningitis than other STs do (20). The precise mechanism by which ST-17 causes LOD more frequently than other STs do is not well unde...

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“…The incidence rate of GBS in the genital tract of pregnant women varies from 5 to 40% in different geographical locations (Madzivhandila et al, 2011). GBS colonization in genital system causes unpleasant repercussions and complication such as preterm labor, preterm rupture of membrane, clinical chorioamnionitis, subclinical chorioamnionitis, endometriosis, and many other post labor and neonatal infection, at the time of delivery for both mother and infant (Behrman et al, 2004;Faxelius et al, 1988;James et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of vaginal Carrier of Group B Streptococcal (GBS) among Pregnant Women Attending Maternity at Mustafa-Khomeini Hospital, Ilam

Mohamadi¹,

Pakzad²,

Khodai³

et al. 2017

JEBAS

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The group B streptococcus or agalactiae streptococcus is gram positive bacteria. These organisms are normal flora of women genital and gastrointestinal tracts, which may cause early onset infection in new born infants and pregnant women. Severe infection of GBS may cause infection like meningitis, sepsis etc in new born infants. Determining the level of GBS carriage in the genital tract of pregnant mothers is useful for prophylaxis purposes and reducing the GBS infection. The present study was conducted on pregnant women, with pregnancy age of 35 weeks or more, who referred to Mustafa Khomeini, Ilam, from January 2014 to December 2015. Total 90 vaginal fluid samples were extracted from the vagina of pregnant women and Group B strep strains were identified by using cultivation methods. Antibiotic sensitivity of the samples were determined by disc-diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 18. Chi-square and T-test were used as appropriated. Results of the present study revealed the incidence rate of Group B strep strains turned out to be 4.4% in pregnant women referring to Mustafa Khomeini, Ilam, during the study period. The Group B Strep colonization was also significantly associated (P<0.05) with the number of previous pregnancies. High prevalence of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and their impact on the incidence of infection in both mothers and infants, screening is of crucial importance for pregnant women prior to giving birth. Considering high sensitivity of strains to Clindamycin, Vancomycin, and Cefazolin, it is recommended to consider these factors as the preferred treatment of infections caused by GBS.

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Serotype Distribution and Invasive Potential of Group B Streptococcus Isolates Causing Disease in Infants and Colonizing Maternal-Newborn Dyads

Cited by 89 publications

References 34 publications

Distribution of pilus islands of group B streptococcus associated with maternal colonization and invasive disease in South Africa

Distribution of pilus islands of group B streptococcus associated with maternal colonization and invasive disease in South Africa

Acidic pH Strongly Enhances In Vitro Biofilm Formation by a Subset of Hypervirulent ST-17 Streptococcus agalactiae Strains

The Prevalence of vaginal Carrier of Group B Streptococcal (GBS) among Pregnant Women Attending Maternity at Mustafa-Khomeini Hospital, Ilam

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