Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae pre- and post-seven valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in Alberta, Canada, 2000–2006

Tyrrell, Gregory J.; Lovgren, Marguerite; Chui, Natalie; Minion, Jessica; Garg, Sipi; Kellner, James D.; Marrie, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.063

Cited by 66 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The first generation 7-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) has significantly reduced vaccine-serotype IPD among vaccinated children in countries where it has been introduced [4]–[6]. Reduction of disease in unvaccinated children and adults because of herd effect was also reported in those countries [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Snapshot of Streptococcus pneumoniae Causing Invasive Disease in South Africa Prior to Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

et al. 2014

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We determined the sequence types of isolates that caused invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) prior to routine use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) in South Africa. PCV-13 serotypes and 6C isolates collected in 2007 (1 461/2 437, 60%) from patients of all ages as part of on-going, national, laboratory-based surveillance for IPD, were selected for genetic characterization. In addition, all 134 non-PCV isolates from children <2 years were selected for characterization. Sequence type diversity by serotype and age category (children <5 years vs. individuals ≥5 years) was assessed for PCV serotypes using Simpson’s index of diversity. Similar genotypes circulated among isolates from children and adults and the majority of serotypes were heterogeneous. While globally disseminated clones were common among some serotypes (e.g., serotype 1 [clonal complex (CC) 217, 98% of all serotype 1] and 14 [CC230, 43%)]), some were represented mainly by clonal complexes rarely reported elsewhere (e.g., serotype 3 [CC458, 60%] and 19A [CC2062, 83%]). In children <2 years, serotype 15B and 8 were the most common serotypes among non-PCV isolates (16% [22/134] and 15% [20/134] isolates, respectively). Sequence type 7052 and 53 were most common among serotypes 15B and 8 isolates and accounted for 58% (7/12) and 64% (9/14) of the isolates, respectively. Serotype 19F, 14, 19A and 15B had the highest proportions of penicillin non-susceptible isolates. Genotypes rarely reported in other parts of the world but common among some of our serotypes highlight the importance of our data as these genotypes may emerge post PCV introduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Snapshot of Streptococcus pneumoniae Causing Invasive Disease in South Africa Prior to Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

et al. 2014

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“…As a result of these concerns, expansion of the serotype coverage of the pneumococcal vaccine has been adopted in some areas in Canada as PCV10 (additional serotypes 1, 5, 7F) with potential future adoption of PCV13 (additional serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F, and 19A). Pneumococcal antibiotic resistance as a mechanism of changing rates of complicated pneumonia is difficult to assess in our study and changes in the management of community acquired pneumonia are not well studied; there is literature showing a decreased incidence in penicillin-resistant IPD noted since the introduction of PCV7 [27], whereas pneumococcal macrolide-resistance has increased [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pediatric complicated pneumonia and pneumococcal serotype replacement: trends in hospitalized children pre and post introduction of routine vaccination with Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV7)

2010

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Recent studies have described an increase in the incidence of complicated pneumonia in children, primarily caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The objective of this study was to determine if the incidence of complicated pneumonias in total and due to different pneumococcal serotypes has changed following the introduction of routine immunization with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). A retrospective review of patients admitted to the Stollery Children's Hospital in Edmonton, Alberta with complicated pneumonia between July 1, 1997 and June 30, 2007 (5 years before and after the introduction of PCV7) was completed. There were 34 children in the pre- and 68 in the post-PCV7 era (14.31 and 19.91 per 10,000 discharges, respectively, p = 0.114). Patient characteristics were not significantly different, and pneumococcus was the most common organism isolated (pre: 21% (7/34); post: 26% (18/68), p = 0.515). In patients where serotype data was available, non-vaccine pneumococcal serotypes accounted for 67% (12/18) cases in the post-PVC7 era versus 14% (1/7) in the pre-PCV7 era (p = 0.031). The incidence of non-vaccine serotypes was 0.42 and 3.51 per 10,000 discharges in the pre- and post-PCV7 eras, respectively (p = 0.020). There has been a non-significant trend towards an increase in the incidence of complicated pneumonia following the introduction of PCV7. S. pneumoniae remains the predominant organism identified with non-vaccine serotypes now accounting for almost all cases. Although it is not clear if this increase is attributable to the use of PCV7, expanding pneumococcal serotype coverage has the potential to prevent complicated pneumonia.

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“…As a result of this reporting requirement, identified S pneumoniae isolates from IPD cases in Alberta are forwarded to the Provincial Laboratory for Public Health in Edmonton, Alberta, for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility trend analysis. [14,15] The definition of IPD followed the Canadian national case definition: isolation of S pneumoniae from a nonsterile site such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, pleural fluid, biopsy tissue, joint aspiration, pericardial fluid, or peritoneal fluid. [16] The database used for this survey encompassed IPD cases that occurred in Northern Alberta, Canada (population: 2,060,039 [17] ) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14,15] Serotyping of all isolates was performed using the Quellung reaction [22] and grouped according to previous literature into: low CFR serotypes (1, 4, 5, 7F, 8) versus high CFR serotypes (3, 6A, 6B, 9N, 9V, 12F, 14, 19A, 19F, 22F, 23F). [12,23] All “other” serotypes identified from cases in our survey (2, 7C, 9L, 10A, 10F, 11A, 11B, 11F, 13, 15A, 15B, 15C, 16F, 17F, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18F, 20, 22A, 23A, 23B, 28A, 29, 31, 33A, 33F, 34, 35A, 35B, 35C, 35F, 37, 38, 40, 42) were subsequently classified as high CFR category because there were similar patient characteristics and nearly identical CFRs as observed with the high CFR serotypes (22% in high CFR serotypes vs 17% in low CFR serotypes).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic factors associated with mortality and major in-hospital complications in patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia

et al. 2016

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Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae pre- and post-seven valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in Alberta, Canada, 2000–2006

Cited by 66 publications

References 18 publications

Population Snapshot of Streptococcus pneumoniae Causing Invasive Disease in South Africa Prior to Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

Population Snapshot of Streptococcus pneumoniae Causing Invasive Disease in South Africa Prior to Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

Pediatric complicated pneumonia and pneumococcal serotype replacement: trends in hospitalized children pre and post introduction of routine vaccination with Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV7)

Prognostic factors associated with mortality and major in-hospital complications in patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia

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