Serotypes and genotypes of S. pneumoniae isolates from adult invasive disease in Spain: A 5-year prospective surveillance after pediatric PCV13 licensure. The ODIN study

Fenoll, Asunción; Ardanuy, Carmen; Liñares, Josefina; Cercenado, Emilia; Marco, Francesc; Fleites, Ana; Rodríguez-Mayo, María; Palop, Begoña; Aller, Ana-Isabel; Buendía, Buenaventura; Méndez, Cristina; Cifuentes, Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.098

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This association is dominated by serotype three which may reflect the invasiveness potential of this serotype, its penchant for pneumonia (compared with IPD) and its persistent carriage among children and adults. The influence of the recently emerged Clade II lineage (of serotype 3) in relation to clinical disease presentation is unclear 27 28…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal serotype trends, surveillance and risk factors in UK adult pneumonia, 2013–18

Pick

Daniel

Rodrigo

et al. 2019

Thorax

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BackgroundChanges over the last 5 years (2013–18) in the serotypes implicated in adult pneumococcal pneumonia and the patient groups associated with vaccine-type disease are largely unknown.MethodsWe conducted a population-based prospective cohort study of adults admitted to two large university hospitals with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) between September 2013 and August 2018. Pneumococcal serotypes were identified using a novel 24-valent urinary monoclonal antibody assay and from blood cultures. Trends in incidence rates were compared against national invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) data. Persons at risk of vaccine-type pneumonia (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)13 and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV)23) were determined from multivariate analyses.FindingsOf 2934 adults hospitalised with CAP, 1075 (36.6%) had pneumococcal pneumonia. The annual incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia increased from 32.2 to 48.2 per 100 000 population (2013–18), predominantly due to increases in PCV13non7-serotype and non-vaccine type (NVT)-serotype pneumonia (annual incidence rate ratio 1.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.21 and 1.19, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.28, respectively). Incidence trends were broadly similar to IPD data. PCV13non7 (56.9% serotype 3) and PPV23non13 (44.1% serotype 8) serotypes were identified in 349 (32.5%) and 431 (40.1%) patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, respectively. PCV13-serotype pneumonia (dominated by serotype 3) was more likely in patients in the UK pneumococcal vaccination clinical risk group (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.73, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.28) while PPV23-serotype pneumonia was more likely in patients outside the clinical risk group (aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.10).InterpretationThe incidence of pneumococcal CAP is increasing, predominantly due to NVT serotypes and serotype 3. PPV23-serotype pneumonia is more likely in adults outside currently identified clinical risk groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal serotype trends, surveillance and risk factors in UK adult pneumonia, 2013–18

Pick

Daniel

Rodrigo

et al. 2019

Thorax

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“…For example, one of the main genetic sources for penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae is DNA acquired from non-pathogenic Streptococci from the viridans group such as S. mitis that also lives in the human nasal and oral cavities (Bryskier, 2002;Janoir et al, 1999). Consistently, antibiotic resistant pneumococci and vaccine-escape variants remain an important cause of invasive infections in spite of the introduction of the conjugate vaccines (Fenoll et al, 2018;Levy et al, 2019;Ouldali et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unbiased homeologous recombination during pneumococcal transformation allows for multiple chromosomal integration events

Kurushima

Campo

Raaphorst

et al. 2020

eLife

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The spread of antimicrobial resistance and vaccine escape in the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae can be largely attributed to competence-induced transformation. Here, we studied this process at the single-cell level. We show that within isogenic populations, all cells become naturally competent and bind exogenous DNA. We find that transformation is highly efficient and that the chromosomal location of the integration site or whether the transformed gene is encoded on the leading or lagging strand has limited influence on recombination efficiency. Indeed, we have observed multiple recombination events in single recipients in real-time. However, because of saturation and because a single stranded donor DNA replaces the original allele, transformation efficiency has an upper threshold of approximately 50% of the population. The fixed mechanism of transformation results in a fail-safe strategy for the population as half of the population generally keeps an intact copy of the original genome.

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“…The more invasive serotypes are more likely to cause infection upon acquisition and are less likely to be found in the nose [ 19 ]. Less invasive serotypes, despite the low virulence of the pathogen, are more likely to colonize in the nose of vulnerable host who may develop clinically significant infectious diseases [ 20 ].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases in Korean Adults After the Introduction of Pneumococcal Vaccine into the National Immunization Program

Lee

2023

Infect Chemother

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Although Streptococcus pneumoniae has been one of the most common bacterial causes of disease in humans, its impact has been blunted by the broad use of vaccines. Since 2018, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in Korea decreased with effective pneumococcal vaccines but is on the rise again recently. In this paper I will review the epidemiology, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance of invasive pneumococcal disease after the introduction of the pneumococcal vaccine in Korean adults.

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Serotypes and genotypes of S. pneumoniae isolates from adult invasive disease in Spain: A 5-year prospective surveillance after pediatric PCV13 licensure. The ODIN study

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Pneumococcal serotype trends, surveillance and risk factors in UK adult pneumonia, 2013–18

Pneumococcal serotype trends, surveillance and risk factors in UK adult pneumonia, 2013–18

Unbiased homeologous recombination during pneumococcal transformation allows for multiple chromosomal integration events

Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases in Korean Adults After the Introduction of Pneumococcal Vaccine into the National Immunization Program

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