Serotypes of bovine astrovirus

Woode, G. N.; Gourley, N. E. K.; Pohlenz, Joachim; Liebler, E. M.; Mathews, Saumi; Hutchinson, M

doi:10.1128/jcm.22.4.668-670.1985

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Few documented antigenic classifications have been attempted for animal AstVs. Serological assays confirmed by molecular characterization, suggested the existence of a putative novel serotype of turkey astrovirus, TAstV-3 (Tang and Saif, 2004;Tang et al, 2005); similarly the application of cross-virus neutralization assays indicated the presence of more undefined serotypes of bovine AstV (Woode et al, 1985).…”

Section: Etiology and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Although a previous study suggested that BoAstV could be excreted by 60-100% of calves on farms (Bridger et al, 1984), only 5 out of 209 rectal swabs (2.4%) collected from asymptomatic adult cattle were found positive for BoAstV infection (Tse et al, 2011). In bovine, two serotypes have been recognized by serological investigation, namely BoAstV-1 and BoAstV-2 (Woode et al, 1985), and recent phylogenetic analyses support classification of BoAstVs and the newly discovered AstVs in roe deer (CcAstV) under the proposed ''genocluster GI'' of the Mamastrovirus (Bosch et al, 2010b;Smits et al, 2010;Tse et al, 2011). The antigenic diversity detected in the earlier studies is also reflected in the more recently described genetic diversity for BoAstV.…”

Section: Bovine Astrovirus (Boastv)mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Astrovirus infections in humans and animals – Molecular biology, genetic diversity, and interspecies transmissions

Benedictis

Schultz‐Cherry

Burnham

et al. 2011

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

393

354

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Astroviruses are small, non-enveloped, positive sense, single-stranded RNA viruses first identified in 1975 in children suffering from diarrhea and then described in a wide variety of animals. To date, the list of animal species susceptible to astrovirus infection has expanded to 22 animal species or families, including domestic, synantropic and wild animals, avian, and mammalian species in the terrestrial and aquatic environments. Astrovirus infections are considered among the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children, second only to rotavirus infections, but in animals their association with enteric diseases is not well documented, with the exception of turkey and mink astrovirus infection. Genetic variability has been described in almost all astrovirus species sufficiently examined infecting mammals and birds; however, antigenic variability has been demonstrated for human astroviruses but is far less investigated in animal viruses. Interestingly, there is an increasing evidence of recombination events occurring in astroviruses, which contributes to increase the genetic variability of this group of viruses. A wide variety of species infected, the evident virus genetic diversity and the occurrence of recombination events indicate or imply either cross-species transmission and subsequent virus adaptation to new hosts or the co-infection of the same host with different astroviruses. This can also favor the emergence of novel astroviruses infecting animals or with a zoonotic potential. After more than 30 years from their first description in humans, there are many exciting streams of research to be explored and intriguing questions that remain to be answered about the relatively under-studied Astroviridae family. In the present work, we will review the existing knowledge concerning astrovirus infections in humans and animals, with particular focus on the molecular biology, interspecies transmission and zoonotic potential of this group of viruses.

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Section: Etiology and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Bovine Astrovirus (Boastv)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Astrovirus infections in humans and animals – Molecular biology, genetic diversity, and interspecies transmissions

Benedictis

Schultz‐Cherry

Burnham

et al. 2011

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

393

354

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Since we found numerous positive samples which retested negative after an additional RNA extraction procedure, we can assume the viral load was low or the viral RNA too damaged, and additional thaw may have further damaged the RNA, to obtain better and longer sequence fragments. Human and several mammal (porcine, bovine) and avian astVs have been isolated and amplified in cell culture in order to provide a larger amount of high quality viral genetic material (Lee and Kurtz, 1981;Shimizu et al, 1990;Woode et al, 1985). To date, this technique has remained unsuccessful for bat astVs (De Benedictis et al, 2011), which may explain the limited number of available ORF2 references for bat astVs in GenBank.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia

Lacroix

Duong

Hul

et al. 2017

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Astroviruses are known to infect humans and a wide range of animal species, and can cause gastroenteritis in their hosts. Recent studies have reported astroviruses in bats in Europe and in several locations in China. We sampled 1876 bats from 17 genera at 45 sites from 14 and 13 provinces in Cambodia and Lao PDR respectively, and tested them for astroviruses. Our study revealed a high diversity of astroviruses among various Yangochiroptera and Yinpterochiroptera bats. Evidence for varying degrees of host restriction for astroviruses in bats was found. Furthermore, additional Pteropodid hosts were detected. The astroviruses formed distinct phylogenetic clusters within the genus Mamastrovirus, most closely related to other known bat astroviruses. The astrovirus sequences were found to be highly saturated indicating that phylogenetic relationships should be interpreted carefully. An astrovirus clustering in a group with other viruses from diverse hosts, including from ungulates and porcupines, was found in a Rousettus bat. These findings suggest that diverse astroviruses can be found in many species of mammals, including bats.

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“…These three isolates of bovine astrovirus were shown to possess a common antigen detected by immunofluorescence. However, as there was no cross-neutralization among the three isolates, it was concluded that there are at least two distinct serotypes and probably three: US1 serotype 1; US2 serotype 2; UK serotype 3 (Woode et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They assumed that the particles possessing six-pointed star configuration and 28 nm in diameter were not pathogenic because transmission of the virus did not induce diarrhea in gnotobiotic calves. Later, two additional isolates of the virus (US1 and US2) were reported in the U.S.A. (Woode et al, 1984(Woode et al, ,1985. These three isolates of bovine astrovirus were shown to possess a common antigen detected by immunofluorescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation and partial characterization of bovine astrovirus

Aroonprasert

Fagerland

Kelso

et al. 1989

Veterinary Microbiology

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Bovine astrovirus serotype 2 (US2) was adapted to primary neonatal kidney cell (NBK) cultures by the addition of 50 micrograms ml-1 of trypsin in the medium. Infectious virus was released from the cells within 7 days post-infection in early passages and within 3 days in later passages. In the absence of trypsin, neither passage of infected cells nor release of infectious virus occurred. The virus was shown to be similar to the fecal astrovirus by a neutralization test and by ultrastructural studies of infected cells. Primary embryo bovine kidney (EBK) and NBK cell cultures supported infection with both fecal and tissue culture adapted (TCA) astrovirus. The time-related development of infection, as studied by immunofluorescence, was similar for both fecal and TCA astrovirus and for both cell culture types. The first indication of viral infection and expression of viral antigens occurred at 7 h post-infection and was characterized by the appearance of a diffuse faint immunofluorescence (IF) of the cytoplasm. Soon after, two or three brilliant IF granules were observed in the nucleus, which appeared to involve the nucleoli. Subsequently, dense granular IF was seen in the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm, which later extended to involve all the cytoplasmic area. In both EBK and NBK cultures infected with either fecal or tissue culture adapted astrovirus, only a minority of cells became infected, even when the multiplicity of infection exceeded one. Occasionally 10-20% of cells were infected, but in most cultures the proportion did not exceed 2% and in NBK cultures, from 3/9 calves, no infected cells were observed. The virus did not infect bovine cell lines. Infectivity of the virus was not removed by treatment with chloroform, and iododeoxyuridine and actinomycin D when added to the medium, did not block replication. Masses of virions were observed by electron microscopy in discrete areas in the cytoplasm, with similar distributions as the viral antigen foci as seen by IF. The mean diameter of the virions was 34 nm. In conclusion, bovine astrovirus lacks both essential lipids and an envelope, probably has an RNA genome, may have a nuclear phase of replication involving the nucleoli which is not blocked by DNA inhibitors, and has a selective cell tropism.

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Serotypes of bovine astrovirus

Cited by 46 publications

References 8 publications

Astrovirus infections in humans and animals – Molecular biology, genetic diversity, and interspecies transmissions

Astrovirus infections in humans and animals – Molecular biology, genetic diversity, and interspecies transmissions

Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia

Cultivation and partial characterization of bovine astrovirus

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