Serotypes of Salmonella isolated from feces of cattle, buffalo,and camel and sensitivities to antibiotics in Turkey

Abstract

IntroductionSalmonellosis is a common bacterial enteric infection with significant economic losses for the intensive production of cattle, sheep, and poultry (1,2). Salmonella species are zoonotic and are transmitted to humans via ingestion of contaminated milk, eggs, and meat (3,4). Although Salmonella infections may occur at any age in cattle, the associated clinical symptoms are more severe in calves from the first 2 weeks to 3 months of their life (5,6).Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica may cause infections associated with several clinical symptoms or systemic infections characterized by diarrhea and septicemia and may even lead to death in severe cases. It can be harbored by asymptomatic carriers (2,5). In the enteric form of salmonellosis, the stool is sticky and watery and has a putrid odor. It may contain flecks of mucus, shreds of the mucous membrane, and in some cases blood. Young calves and lambs frequently develop septicemia. Furthermore, marked depression, fever, symptoms of the central nervous system, pneumonia, and death within 2-3 days can also occur (7-9). Clinical symptoms and necropsy findings alone are not sufficient for a definitive diagnosis of Salmonella infection. It is imperative to isolate and identify the causative Salmonella species (10-12). While the isolation of Salmonella is relatively easy via bacterial culture from samples taken from animals with septicemia, carcasses, and the organs of aborted fetuses, enrichment is needed to increase the chance of isolating Salmonella from feed samples or from fecal cultures used to detect carriers (7,13,14).This study aimed to isolate and serotype Salmonella species from fecal samples of dairy cattle, calves with diarrhea, camels, and water buffaloes and to determine sensitivities of the isolates to antibiotics. Materials and methods SamplingA total of 869 fecal samples were collected from 21 herds in 13 provinces (Konya,

Nontyphoid Salmonella carriage, serovar profile and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in slaughter cattle

“…Enteritidis (Table ). While there are similar findings by Genç (), Hadimli et al (), Rene et al (), Rizzi () reporting the presence of this serovar within their FC isolates, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the presence of S. Enteritidis in slaughter cattle MLNs. Unusually, the other serovar isolated from FC samples was S .…”

“…As an important sample type in determining NTS carriage in slaughter cattle, 1% of the FC samples in this study were determined to harbor the pathogen (Table ). In our country, Genç (), Hadimli et al (), and Küplülü () found 1.2% (3/250), 7.5% (33/437), and 14.4% (26/180) of FCs of slaughtered cattle contaminated with Salmonella , respectively. Our results are higher than 0% prevalence in 125 fecal samples reported by Bonardi, Bruini, Magnani, Cannistrà, and Brindani () from Italy; and the 0.39% prevalence of Finland in EFSA and ECDC (), but lower than the studies by Rene et al (), Ruiz et al (), and Schmidt et al () with notification rates of 5–66.4% range.…”

“…, Hadimli et al (2017),Rene et al (2017),Rizzi (2017) reporting the presence of this serovar within their FC isolates, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the presence of S. Enteritidis in slaughter cattle MLNs. Unusually, the other serovar isolated from FC samples was S. Albany, and our detailed literature search about this serovar revealed its rare reporting in cattle-related studies as: in bovine meat in Malaysia byFauzi et al (2016) and, as a jejunum isolate in USA byGoodman et al (2017).…”

“…Within this most prevalent serovar of Enteritidis isolates, all but one (75%) were particularly resistant to the aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin), cephalosporins (cefotaxime and cefoxitin) and fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin and pefloxacin) (Table ). Similarly, without taking sample type into consideration, Hadimli et al () reported a resistant S . Enteritidis in slaughter cattle.…”

“…There are also studies indicating resistance of S. Enteritidis to tobramycin (Rene et al, 2017), cefoxitin (Souto et al, 2017), and ampicillin and chloramphenicol (Hadimli et al, 2017).…”