Serratiopeptidase: An integrated View of Multifaceted Therapeutic Enzyme

Abstract

Microbial products have been used for the treatment of different diseases for many centuries. The serratiopeptidase enzyme provides a new hope for COVID-19-infected patients. Nowadays, anti-inflammatory drugs are easy to obtain at minimal expenditure from microbial sources. Serratia sp. is identified as one of the most efficient bacteria produced from serratiopeptidase. Screening for new and efficient bacterial strains from different sources has been of interest in recent years. Serratiopeptidase remains the most well-known anti-inflammatory drug of choice. Serratiopeptidase is a cheaper and safer anti-inflammatory drug alternative to NSAIDs. The multifaceted properties of serratiopeptidase may lead towards arthritis, diabetes, cancer and thrombolytic treatments. Existing serratiopeptidase treatments in combination with antibiotics are popular in the treatment of postoperative swelling. Although an exclusive number of serratiopeptidase-producing strains have been derived, there is an urge for new recombinant strains to enhance the production of the enzyme. This review explores the properties of serratiopeptidase, different therapeutic aspects, industrial production, and various analytical techniques used in enzyme recovery. In addition, the review highlights the therapeutic and clinical aspects of the serratiopeptidase enzyme to combat COVID-19-induced respiratory syndrome.

Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase

“…Serratiopeptidase is known to possess a wound healing effect due to its potential to degrade abnormal exudates and proteins and to dissolve dead tissue. Moreover, the enzyme could also improve the absorption of fragmented products through the blood and lymph [ 25 , 26 , 28 ]. Thus, aiming to evaluate the possible skin administration of the developed gel formulation, the in vitro release of the model enzyme was conducted at 32 °C.…”

“…It is effective in reducing swelling and edema and metabolizing scar tissues in the body and helps in wound healing. SER acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by regulating inflammatory cytokines and also accelerates the healing process due to its unique property of breaking down fibrous tissue around the injured site without damaging living tissue [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Singh and Singh developed effective biocompatible PVA hydrogel loaded with SER and gentamicin for effective and complete wound healing [ 29 ].…”

Effect of proteolytic enzymes and insulin sensitiser in treatment of joint osteoarthritis in diabetic patients

“…Adulthood, overweight merous pharmaceutical treatments, including systemic non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), metformin, platelet-rich plasma, diacerein, glucosamine, topical creams and serratiopeptidase, have been utilised successfully in the treatment of knee OA. 7,8 Metformin (biguanide) is a medication that is commonly used to treat type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin affects glucose production and may influence insulin production in people with diabetes.…”

Scale-Up of the Fermentation Process for the Production and Purification of Serratiopeptidase Using Silkworm Pupae as a Substrate

“…In this context, serratiopeptidase, a protease (hydrolytic enzyme), is obtained from bacteria such as Serratia marcescens [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. This enzyme is renowned for its anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic, antibiofilm, and analgesic effects [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”