Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in Native and European populations in Greenland

Andersen, Stig; Noahsen, Paneeraq; Rex, Karsten Fleischer; Fleischer, Inuuteq; Albertsen, Niels; Jørgensen, Marit Eika; Schæbel, Louise Kærholm; Laursen, Mogens Berg

doi:10.1017/s0007114517003944

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although the current study by Andersen et al . ( 7 ) has documented higher 25(OH)D among Inuit than non-Inuit participants, as before ( 8 ) , the investigators have also found significantly lower serum Ca and PTH. Among the non-Inuit participants, as expected, PTH increased as 25(OH)D decreased, with an inflection between approximately 40 and 50 nmol/l, whereas there was no such trend among the Inuit participants.…”

Section: Beyond Vitamin D – Calcium Homoeostasis In Inuit and Non-inusupporting

confidence: 54%

“…In their study among 50–69-year-old Inuit and non-Inuit adults in Greenland, Andersen et al ( 7 ) have extended their previous work on vitamin D status in Greenland residents by considering Ca homoeostasis and reporting analysis of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Ca, as well as 25(OH)D concentrations and dietary habits. Previously, this team described determinants of circulating 25(OH)D among the 50–69-year-old adult demographic in the capital, Nuuk, and a town and remote settlement in East Greenland (both at approximately 65°N) ( 8 ) .…”

Section: Beyond Vitamin D – Calcium Homoeostasis In Inuit and Non-inumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the non-Inuit participants, as expected, PTH increased as 25(OH)D decreased, with an inflection between approximately 40 and 50 nmol/l, whereas there was no such trend among the Inuit participants. On the basis of this racial difference, as well as associations among diet, serum 25(OH)D and PTH, the investigators concluded that Inuit people in Greenland may have adapted to their low-Ca environment by increasing capacity for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D) production, with increased intestinal absorption and renal resorption of Ca, thus providing some protection for the skeleton ( 7 ) . In an earlier study, Rejnmark et al .…”

Section: Beyond Vitamin D – Calcium Homoeostasis In Inuit and Non-inumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited commentary in response to: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone in Native and European populations in Greenland

Kiely

2018

Br J Nutr

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Inuit populations in nutrition transition are at risk of compromised nutritional status Inuit populations in the Arctic are undergoing nutrition transition and there are concerns that a shift from the traditional diet, rich in seal, whale, wild fowl, reindeer, musk ox and hare, towards an imported, highly processed diet, is compromising food security and nutritional status by undermining a core component of the Inuit adaptation to life in the Arctic. Using data from the International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey (2007-2008) of thirty-six Inuit communities in Northern Canada, Egeland et al. (1) reported higher intakes of protein and micronutrients among traditional food consumers and higher carbohydrate, saturated fat, dietary fibre and Na:K intakes among non-consumers. Several nutritional biomarkers, including serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), indicating vitamin D exposure, were higher among traditional food consumers. Older adults consumed more traditional foods and had higher vitamin D intakes than younger adults. Among 2207 individuals (2) , more than 40 % overall had low vitamin D status, indicated by having a 25(OH)D concentration below 50 nmol/lthe target specified by the Institutes of Medicine (3) , the European Food Safety Authority (4) and Norden (5) to meet the vitamin D requirements of almost all healthy persons. The strongest determinants of 25(OH)D were older age and healthy waist circumference (2). The Inuit Health in Transition study in West and East Greenland, conducted from 2005 to 2010, told a similar story. Among 2877 randomly selected Inuit adults, Nielsen et al. (6) reported that serum 25(OH)D concentrations were lowest among 18-29-year-olds, at approximately 31 nmol/l, and increased with age. The other important determinants of vitamin D status were consumption of a traditional diet and female sex. This study analysed bio-banked samples collected in 1987 from a subgroup of 330, allowing analysis of trends over time. Among all ages, 25(OH)D decreased by one-third to a half over the 30-year time frame. The authors suggested that a change away from a traditional diet may explain this decline (6) , although there were no dietary data to support this suggestion.

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Section: Beyond Vitamin D – Calcium Homoeostasis In Inuit and Non-inusupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Beyond Vitamin D – Calcium Homoeostasis In Inuit and Non-inumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Beyond Vitamin D – Calcium Homoeostasis In Inuit and Non-inumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited commentary in response to: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone in Native and European populations in Greenland

Kiely

2018

Br J Nutr

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“…Fracture risk differs with ethnicity, and ethnic differences in hip fractures risk between South African Blacks and Caucasians Whites were attributed to differences in hip geometry [1,2,3]. Similarly, ethnic differences exist between Inuit and Caucasians in bone metabolism [4] while hip geometry in populations in Greenland remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The powerful endocrine mechanisms that control bone mineralisation differ between Inuit and Caucasians [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip Geometry in Hip Fracture Patients in Greenland

Fleischer

Laursen

Andersen

2020

Preprint

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Background: Hip geometry influences hip fracture risk. Hip fractures are common and they are associated with pain, disability, premature death and marked costs on society. Osteoporotic fractures are frequent in Arctic populations and increase with advancing age in this society that has a steep rise in life expectancy. Greenland Inuit is a distinct ethnic group and data on hip geometry is missing. This let us to describe hip geometry in populations with hip fracture in Greenland.Methods: We evaluated collodiaphysial angle, femoral neck length, the outer and inner diameter of the femur at 2 and 5 centimetres below the centre of the lesser trochanter and the cortical thickness from pelvic and hip radiographs in all patients operated in Greenland over a 7.7-year period. We included all 84 patients with one non-fractured hip visible for geometric analysis. Analyses were conducted in duplicate.Results: We found collodiaphysial angle of 134.8/132.6o in men/women (p=0.06) and femoral neck length of 38.0/33.9mm in men/women (p=0.001). Cortical thickness was influenced by sex in the adjusted analysis (p<0.001). Cortical thickness index at 5cm below the centre of the lesser trochanter decreased with age (p=0.026) and may be influenced by height (2cm below the centre of the lesser trochanter, p=0.053). Conclusion: Our findings differed from European reference data and suggest a delicate balance in hip geometry that may change with lifestyle transition in Arctic populations. Ethnic peculiarities influence the hip structure and may have an impact on fracture risk. A focus on hip geometry and risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in Arctic populations is warranted.

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Adaptation and co‐adaptation of skin pigmentation and vitamin D genes in native Americans

Missaggia

Reales

Cybis

et al. 2020

American J of Med Genetics Pt C

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We carried out an exhaustive review regarding human skin color variation and how much it may be related to vitamin D metabolism and other photosensitive molecules. We discuss evolutionary contexts that modulate this variability and hypotheses postulated to explain them; for example, a small amount of melanin in the skin facilitates vitamin D production, making it advantageous to have fair skin in an environment with little radiation incidence. In contrast, more melanin protects folate from degradation in an environment with a high incidence of radiation. Some Native American populations have a skin color at odds with what would be expected for the amount of radiation in the environment in which they live, a finding challenging the so‐called “vitamin D–folate hypothesis.” Since food is also a source of vitamin D, dietary habits should also be considered. Here we argue that a gene network approach provides tools to explain this phenomenon since it indicates potential alleles co‐evolving in a compensatory way. We identified alleles of the vitamin D metabolism and pigmentation pathways segregated together, but in different proportions, in agriculturalists and hunter‐gatherers. Finally, we highlight how an evolutionary approach can be useful to understand current topics of medical interest.

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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in Native and European populations in Greenland

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Invited commentary in response to: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone in Native and European populations in Greenland

Invited commentary in response to: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone in Native and European populations in Greenland

Hip Geometry in Hip Fracture Patients in Greenland

Adaptation and co‐adaptation of skin pigmentation and vitamin D genes in native Americans

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