Serum Afamin a Novel Marker of Increased Hepatic Lipid Content

Kurdiová, Tímea; Baláž, Miroslav; Kovaničová, Zuzana; Zemková, Erika; Kužma, Martin; Белан, В. Н.; Payer, Juraj; Gašperíková, Daniela; Dieplinger, Hans; Ukropcová, Barbara; Ukropec, Jozef

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.670425

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In previous studies using regular LDL apheresis, afamin levels were only mildly reduced by about 10% 21 . Afamin is a liver produced glycoprotein and early marker of metabolic syndrome 22 . Patients with prediabetes and diabetes exhibit high serum afamin levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Medicine Approach for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Therapeutic Apheresis

Yin

Takov

Straube³

et al. 2022

Horm Metab Res

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Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is currently the most powerful intervention possible to reach a maximal reduction of lipids in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and lipoprotein(a) hyperlipidemia. Although LA is an invasive method, it has few side effects and the best results in preventing further major cardiovascular events. It has been suggested that the highly significant reduction of cardiovascular complications in patients with severe lipid disorders achieved by LA is mediated not only by the potent reduction of lipid levels but also by the removal of other proinflammatory and proatherogenic factors. Here we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of patients on LA treatment using intra-individually a set of differently sized apheresis filters with the INUSpheresis system. This study revealed that proteomic analysis correlates well with routine clinical chemistry in these patients. The method is eminently suited to discover new biomarkers and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in these patients. Different filters achieve reduction and removal of proatherogenic proteins in different quantities. This includes not only apolipoproteins, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and plasminogen but also proteins like complement factor B (CFAB), protein AMBP, afamin, and the low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A (FcγRIIIa) among others that have been described as atherosclerosis and metabolic vascular diseases promoting factors. We therefore conclude that future trials should be designed to develop an individualized therapy approach for patients on LA based on their metabolic and vascular risk profile. Furthermore, the power of such cascade filter treatment protocols may improve the prevention of cardiometabolic disease and its complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Medicine Approach for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Therapeutic Apheresis

Yin

Takov

Straube³

et al. 2022

Horm Metab Res

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“…The significantly increased haptoglobin in the plasma of calves with DHD may be associated with an acute inflammatory response caused by diarrhea. Afamin is a vitamin E-binding glycoprotein expressed mainly in the liver and is associated with many metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity ( 52 – 54 ). Afamin is also considered to be a marker of increased hepatic lipid content, and fatty liver has been found in damp-heat diarrhea in rats ( 52 , 55 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Afamin is a vitamin E-binding glycoprotein expressed mainly in the liver and is associated with many metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity ( 52 – 54 ). Afamin is also considered to be a marker of increased hepatic lipid content, and fatty liver has been found in damp-heat diarrhea in rats ( 52 , 55 ). Although this protein has not been reported in diarrhea-related diseases, it is one of the biomarkers for the detection of gastric cancer ( 56 ), and it plays an important role in the anti-apoptotic cellular processes related to oxidative stress, which may be the reason for the significantly increased afamin precursor in the plasma of calves with DHD ( 57 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential proteomic of plasma provides a new perspective on scientific diagnosis and drug screening for dampness heat diarrhea in calves

Yan

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Dampness heat diarrhea (DHD) is one of the most common syndromes of calf diarrhea. Its complex etiology and lack of objective diagnostic criteria bring great challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. This study aims to screen some prospective diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for calves with DHD by investigating the differential protein profiles of plasma between DHD calves and clinically healthy calves by mass spectrometry-based proteomic. A total of 120 DHD calves and 90 clinically healthy calves were divided into two groups randomly, 30 DHD calves and 30 clinically healthy calves in the test group, and 90 DHD calves and 60 clinically healthy calves in the validation group. In the test group, a total of 52 proteins were differentially expressed between calves with DHD and clinically healthy calves, 13 proteins were significantly increased and 39 proteins were significantly decreased. The differentially expressed proteins were associated with the intestinal immune network of IgA production, caffeine metabolism, purine metabolism, and PI3K signaling pathway. In the validation group, 13 proteins were selected from 52 differential expression proteins for parallel reaction monitoring validation to verify their associations with DHD calves. The targeted proteomic results showed that fibronectin precursor (FN1) and apolipoprotein C-IV precursor (APOC4) were significantly associated with DHD in calves, and they were downregulated in sick calves. In conclusion, the differential expression of plasma proteins was associated with DHD pathogenesis in calves, and the FN1 and APOC4 might be the potential clinical biomarkers for diagnosis of DHD in calves, and the intestinal immune network of IgA production, caffeine metabolism, purine metabolism, and PI3K signaling pathway are the candidate targets to treat DHD in calves. Our finding provides a reference for further investigating the pathogenesis, developing techniques of diagnosis, and screening treatment drugs for DHD in calves.

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“…In a large multi-center study—involving more than 20,000 patients—significant correlations were observed between the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes and afamin levels [ 10 ]. A recent study suggested afamin as a potential novel biomarker of increased hepatic lipid content in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the antioxidant potential of α- and γ-tocopherol is not unequivocally proven in clinical studies, tocopherol could prevent oxidative alterations in LDL via the inhibition of lipid peroxidation [ 21 ]. In previous studies, plasma afamin levels were measured in patients suffering from secondary complications of already abnormal carbohydrate and lipid levels [ 10 , 11 , 22 ]. Furthermore, we previously observed moderately decreased circulating afamin concentrations—in line with HDL-C and ApoA1 levels—after LDL apheresis [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afamin Levels and Their Correlation with Oxidative and Lipid Parameters in Non-diabetic, Obese Patients

et al. 2022

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Background: Afamin is a liver-produced bioactive protein and features α- and γ-tocopherol binding sites. Afamin levels are elevated in metabolic syndrome and obesity and correlate well with components of metabolic syndrome. Afamin concentrations, correlations between afamin and vitamin E, afamin and lipoprotein subfractions in non-diabetic, obese patients have not been fully examined. Methods: Fifty non-diabetic, morbidly obese patients and thirty-two healthy, normal-weight individuals were involved in our study. The afamin concentrations were measured by ELISA. Lipoprotein subfractions were determined with gel electrophoresis. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to measure α- and γ tocopherol levels. Results: Afamin concentrations were significantly higher in the obese patients compared to the healthy control (70.4 ± 12.8 vs. 47.6 ± 8.5 μg/mL, p < 0.001). Positive correlations were found between afamin and fasting glucose, HbA1c, hsCRP, triglyceride, and oxidized LDL level, as well as the amount and ratio of small HDL subfractions. Negative correlations were observed between afamin and mean LDL size, as well as the amount and ratio of large HDL subfractions. After multiple regression analysis, HbA1c levels and small HDL turned out to be independent predictors of afamin. Conclusions: Afamin may be involved in the development of obesity-related oxidative stress via the development of insulin resistance and not by affecting α- and γ-tocopherol levels.

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Serum Afamin a Novel Marker of Increased Hepatic Lipid Content

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Precision Medicine Approach for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Therapeutic Apheresis

Precision Medicine Approach for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Therapeutic Apheresis

Differential proteomic of plasma provides a new perspective on scientific diagnosis and drug screening for dampness heat diarrhea in calves

Afamin Levels and Their Correlation with Oxidative and Lipid Parameters in Non-diabetic, Obese Patients

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