Serum and fecal steroid analysis of ovulation, pregnancy, and parturition in the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)

Berkeley, Elizabeth V.; Kirkpatrick, Jay F.; Schaffer, N.; Bryant, W. M. D.; Threlfall, W.R.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2361(1997)16:2<121::aid-zoo3>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 62 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the timing of breeding or AI relies heavily on an understanding of female reproductive physiology, yet reproductive data on most exotic animals are still very limited. However, recent advances in understanding female reproductive physiology in the Sumatran, African black (Diceros bicornis) and African white (Ceratotherium simum) rhinoceroses have expanded the knowledge base while revealing substantial variation in reproductive function among the rhinoceros species (Schwarzenberger et al 1993, Berkeley et al 1997, Radcliffe 1997, 2001, Roth et al 2001, 2004, Patton et al 1999, Roth & Brown 1999. Several of these studies utilized a combination of sera, faecal and/or urinary hormone analysis and rectal ultrasonography to delineate oestrous cycle dynamics, thereby producing information directly applicable to captive breeding efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular, endocrine and behavioural dynamics of the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) oestrous cycle

Stoops

Pairan²,

Roth³

2004

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Longitudinal ultrasound, behaviour and endocrine evaluations were conducted, over 14 to 18 months, in two young female Indian rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros unicornis) to characterize the oestrous cycle. Both females showed the same pattern of follicular development producing a large follicle (10 -12 cm diameter) on one of the ovaries that persisted for 8.5 6 4.68 days before spontaneously ovulating. Ovulation occurred in all eight cycles monitored in a 6-to 7-year-old female versus 10 out of 14 cycles monitored in a 5-to 6-year-old female. Ultrasound examinations confirmed follicular collapse 48 h following the onset of behavioural oestrus in ovulatory cycles, while anovulatory cycles were associated with the formation of a haemorrhagic follicle. The day of behavioural oestrus corresponded to peak urinary oestrogen conjugate concentrations for each cycle, but anovulatory cycles had lower concentrations on the day of behavioural oestrus compared with ovulatory cycles. A transient increase in urinary progesterone metabolite concentrations was detected 1 day prior to ovulation. Irregular urinary progesterone metabolite profiles followed anovulatory cycles, reflecting varying degrees of follicular luteinization. In an attempt to ensure that a cycle would result in ovulation in the 5-to 6-year-old female, a GnRH treatment was tested during two separate cycles. Administration of GnRH on the day of behavioural oestrus resulted in an increase in urinary luteinizing hormone concentrations 2 h following injection. Regardless, ovulation did not occur in response to treatment. This study provides the first ultrasound data on ovarian activity in the Indian rhinoceros and establishes normal physiologic and behavioural relationships during the oestrous cycle that may facilitate the breeding of this species in captivity.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular, endocrine and behavioural dynamics of the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) oestrous cycle

Stoops

Pairan²,

Roth³

2004

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the species-specific differences in hormone metabolite excretion (Palme et al 1996;Busso et al 2005) and the presence of different steroid metabolites in the excreta of even closely related species (e.g. Berkeley et al 1997;Schwarzenberger et al 2000;Brown et al 2001), respective assays should be validated in terms of their applicability for the hormone matrix of interest to ensure a reliable quantification of respective hormone metabolites (Hodges et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of reproductive function in southern African spiny mice (Acomys spinosissimus) using faeces as hormone matrix

Bruin¹,

Medger²,

Bennett³

et al. 2014

African Zoology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For spiny mice, detailed long-term data on reproductive endocrine function is lacking, as limited blood volumes make frequent collections of individual plasma samples for hormone monitoring impractical. To provide the necessary tools in order to fill this gap, this study examined the suitability of two enzyme immunoassays for monitoring male and female reproductive function in the southern African spiny mouse (Acomys spinosissimus) based on faecal hormone analysis. Fourteen non-pregnant and one pregnant female and 24 male spiny mice were wild-caught and subsequently monitored under controlled conditions. Thirteen of the 14 non-pregnant females revealed elevated faecal progestagen metabolite concentrations with eight individuals showing indications of a luteal phase. Two females showed two post-ovulatory luteal phases with estimated cycle lengths of 16 and 18 days, respectively. The pregnant female had an elevated (231%) mean faecal progestagen metabolite level compared with the overall mean baseline hormone concentration determined for the 14 non-pregnant females. Males exposed to a long photoperiod, simulating summer-related breeding activity, exhibited a 47.8% increase in faecal androgen metabolite levels compared with males exposed to a short photoperiod. Collectively, the data demonstrated that reproductive endocrine function can be monitored in male and female spiny mice by measuring respective faecal hormone metabolites.

show abstract

“…In recent years, enzyme immunoassay (EIA) has become a common method for measuring steroid hormones in urine and feces of the domestic [6][7][8][9][10], zoo and wild animals [9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. One of the pioneer studies on development of non-invasive EIA in zoo animals is the work of Czekala et al [13], who assayed the urinary estrone conjugates of several zoo animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of a Rapid Enzyme-immunoassay System for Measurement of the Urinary Concentration of Estrone-3-glucuronide in a Female Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Hama

Kanemitsu²,

Sakamoto³

et al. 2008

Journal of Reproduction and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. To detect estrus for reproductive management, and to determine the relationship between urinary estrogen and estrous behavior, in a female giant panda, we developed and evaluated a rapid enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system for urinary Estrone-3-glucuronide (E1G) using commercial reagents. The developed EIA system took only around 3 hours, including all procedures to obtain a result. It indicated good reproducibility (intra-assay CV of 5.16%, interassay CV of 15.4%) and sensitivity (lowest standard concentration was 0.0156 ng/ml) for measurement of the urinary concentrations of E1G in the giant panda. There was a positive correlation (r=0.934) with the data for estrone (E1) in the same samples, as measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) performed in a commercial laboratory. The changes in the E1G concentrations were almost synchronous with the changes in E1 assayed by RIA in urine collected during 4 consecutive estrous seasons. The dynamics of urinary E1G measured by this system highly correlated with the occurrence of the presenting estrous behavior in the giant panda. The above results indicate that this assay system may be normally, rapidly and practically used for measurement of the urinary concentration of E1G in the giant panda. Key words: Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Enzyme immunoassay, Estrone-3-glucuronide, Estrous behavior (J. Reprod. Dev. 54: [281][282][283][284][285] 2008) he giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a critically endangered species. Its natural habitat is located and limited to Western China at elevations of 2,000 m to 4,000 m. The actual population is estimated to be no more than 1,500 individuals [1]. The giant panda is categorized as "Endangered" on the Red List of Threatened Species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources [2].Female giant pandas have a single annual estrus period and generally are in estrus for only a few days between February and May [3]. This characteristic constitutes a major limitation on production of new born in giant pandas.At the Kobe Municipal Oji Zoo, a collaborative project concerning reproduction of the giant panda has been conducted with China since 2000. Since the main purpose of this project is production of baby pandas, the primary work required is establishment of a rapid assay system to measure the sex steroid hormones to evaluate the giant panda's reproductive status and especially to detect estrus by measuring estrogen concentrations in the female for natural and artificial breeding.Because zoo and wild animals are not domesticated or are untrained, frequent sampling of blood is very difficult, and so urine or feces, which are easily collected without being invasive to the animals, are used to measure hormones. In Japan, another study of reproduction of the giant panda has been underway at Ueno Zoological Gardens, Tokyo, since 1972. They have succeeded in production of giant panda by artificial insemination (AI) [4]; however, they have also experienced unsuccessful reproduction in a fema...

show abstract

Serum and fecal steroid analysis of ovulation, pregnancy, and parturition in the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Follicular, endocrine and behavioural dynamics of the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) oestrous cycle

Follicular, endocrine and behavioural dynamics of the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) oestrous cycle

Assessment of reproductive function in southern African spiny mice (Acomys spinosissimus) using faeces as hormone matrix

Development and Evaluation of a Rapid Enzyme-immunoassay System for Measurement of the Urinary Concentration of Estrone-3-glucuronide in a Female Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About