Serum and tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in patients with alopecia areata

Fahim, Shabnam; Montazer, Fatemeh; Tohidinik, Hamid Reza; Naraghi, Z Safaei; Abedini, Robabeh; Nasimi, Maryam; Ghandi, Narges

doi:10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_158_17

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The immune-dependent disease known as AA is defined by the interaction of T cells with follicular antigens. Studies have revealed the presence of a local renin–angiotensin system in the skin, where the angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) is involved in autoimmunity and causes alopecia due to HF’s chronic inflammation [ 20 , 21 ]. A few cases of non-cicatricial alopecia induced by ACE inhibitors have been identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fahim et al found a significant correlation between serum ACE and disease severity despite the lower serum ACE levels in AA patients. Angiotensin I, which may also be involved in the inflammation of AA, is considered to be the cause of ACE consumption and reduced tissue levels of the enzyme [ 21 ]. In our study, 49.0% of the patients with AA from Brazil and 54.8% from Romania expressed the GA genotype, resulting in a predisposition to an increased angiotensin conversion activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiologic Study of Gene Distribution in Romanian and Brazilian Patients with Non-Cicatricial Alopecia

Păun,

Torres,

Țiplica

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) are the most common types of non-cicatricial alopecia. Both diseases have limited effective therapeutic options and affect patient quality of life. Pharmacogenetic tests can help predict the most appropriate treatment option by evaluating the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) corresponding to genes related to alopecia. The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare selected SNPs and genes in AA and AGA patients from Romania and Brazil. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective study regarding the associations between AA and AGA and 45 tag SNPs of 15 genes in 287 Romanian and 882 Brazilian patients. The DNA samples were collected from oral mucosa using a swab. The SNPs were determined by the qPCR technique. Each genetic test displays the subject’s genotype of the selected gene and the prediction of a successful treatment (e.g., genotype AA of the GR-alpha gene is related to a predisposition to normal sensibility to topical glucocorticoid, and, therefore, glucocorticoids should be effective). Results: The GR-alpha, GPR44-2, SULT1A1, and CRABP2 genes were statistically significantly different in Brazil compared to Romania. The SULT1A1 activity that predicts the response to minoxidil treatment showed in our analysis that minoxidil is recommended in half of the cases of AGA and AA. Patients with AGA and a high expression of SRD5A1 or PTGFR-2 may benefit from Dutasteride or Latanoprost treatment, respectively. Most of the studied genes showed no differences between the two populations. Conclusions: The DNA analysis of the patients with alopecia may contribute to a successful treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Study of Gene Distribution in Romanian and Brazilian Patients with Non-Cicatricial Alopecia

Păun,

Torres,

Țiplica

et al. 2023

Medicina

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“…New research findings have unveiled the presence of a local RAS within the skin, where ACE has a role in the regulation of inflammation and autoimmunity [47]. The components of the RAS are situated in cutaneous and subcutaneous layers.…”

Section: Ras In the Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Fahim et al [47], the ACE activity levels in the serum and skin of AA patients were examined to investigate the involvement of the local RAS in the development of this disease [47]. Researchers discovered associations between ACE and AA, suggesting a potential role of ACE in the pathogenesis of AA.…”

Section: Alopecia Areata (Aa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Renin-Angiotensin System: The Challenge behind Autoimmune Dermatological Diseases

Maranduca,

Cosovanu,

Clim

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Autoimmune dermatological diseases (AIDD) encompass a diverse group of disorders characterized by aberrant immune responses targeting the skin and its associated structures. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests a potential involvement of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis and progression of these conditions. RAS is a multicomponent cascade, primarily known for its role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. All of the RAS components play an important role in controlling inflammation and other immune responses. Angiotensin II, the main effector, acts on two essential receptors: Angiotensin Receptor 1 and 2 (AT1R and AT2R). A disturbance in the axis can lead to many pathological processes, including autoimmune (AI) diseases. AT1R activation triggers diverse signaling cascades involved in inflammation, fibrosis and tissue remodeling. Experimental studies have demonstrated the presence of AT1R in various cutaneous cells and immune cells, further emphasizing its potential contribution to the AI processes in the skin. Furthermore, recent investigations have highlighted the role of other RAS components, beyond angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and Ang II, that may contribute to the pathophysiology of AIDD. Alternative pathways involving ACE2, Ang receptors and Ang-(1-7) have been implicated in regulating immune responses and tissue homeostasis within the skin microenvironment. Understanding the intricate involvement of the RAS in AIDD may provide novel therapeutic opportunities. Targeting specific components of the RAS, such as angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) or alternative RAS pathway modulators, could potentially ameliorate inflammatory responses, reduce tissue damage and lessen disease manifestations. Further research is warranted to outline the exact mechanisms underlying RAS-mediated immune dysregulation in AIDD. This abstract aims to provide a concise overview of the intricate interplay between the RAS and AIDD. Therefore, we elaborate a systematic review of the potential challenge of RAS in the AIDD, including psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, vitiligo, lupus erythematosus and many more.

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The clinical and immunological features of alopecia areata following SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccines

Fu,

Song

2024

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Serum and tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in patients with alopecia areata

Abstract: Unlike in some other inflammatory diseases, the tissue level of ACE seems to be significantly lower in alopecia areata compared to normal controls. Serum ACE was significantly higher in patients with more severe disease.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiologic Study of Gene Distribution in Romanian and Brazilian Patients with Non-Cicatricial Alopecia

Epidemiologic Study of Gene Distribution in Romanian and Brazilian Patients with Non-Cicatricial Alopecia

The Renin-Angiotensin System: The Challenge behind Autoimmune Dermatological Diseases

The clinical and immunological features of alopecia areata following SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccines

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