Serum Antibodies to Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Combined with Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies in Crohn’s Disease Patients: Prevalence and Diagnostic Role

Biet, Franck; Gendt, Laurent; Anton, Eric; Ballot, Éric; Hugot, Jean‐Pierre; Johanet, Catherine

doi:10.1007/s10620-010-1523-8

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…20-25 In our former study, 90% of celiac disease patients had positive serological responses towards one or more of these microbial markers. 20 The present study showed for a first time that similar serological responses can be detected already in the early stages of celiac disease when the mucosal villi are still morphologically normal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…It has been shown that seroreactivity against the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), Pseudomonas fluorescens-associated sequence (I2) and Bacteroides caccae TonB-linked outer membrane protein (OmpW) can be detected in overt celiac disease (so-called Marsh III lesion). 20-25 Positive seroreactivity towards ASCA has also been found in the first-degree relatives of celiac disease patients. 26 Furthermore, the serum titers of these microbial seromarkers may decrease after initiation of gluten-free diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Early Microbial Markers of Celiac Disease

Viitasalo

Niemi²,

Ashorn³

et al. 2014

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

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Background and Goals Seroreactivity against the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), Pseudomonas fluorescens-associated sequence (I2) and Bacteroides caccae TonB-linked outer membrane protein (OmpW) has been detected in celiac disease patients with small-bowel mucosal atrophy. Levels of these antibodies decrease during a gluten-free diet, but their functions and time of appearance in celiac disease is not known. We aimed to search for evidence of possible microbial targets of the immune responses in the early stage celiac disease patients who showed normal small-bowel mucosal architecture at the time of the first investigations, but later on a gluten-containing diet developed mucosal atrophy. Methods 44 cases with proven early stage celiac disease and normal mucosal morphology were enrolled. Patients’ sera were tested for celiac disease antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG-ab), endomysium (EmA) and for microbial antibodies against I2, OmpW and ASCA IgG and IgA isotypes in both at the time of diagnosis and while on a gluten-free diet. Results 34 (77%) out of 44 patients with early stage celiac disease had elevated serum antibodies to one or more of the antibodies ASCA, I2 and OmpW. Furthermore, five out of the six cases negative for both tTG-ab and EmA showed positivity for the microbial markers. Seroreactivity to ASCA IgA, ASCA IgG and OmpW decreased significantly during gluten-free diet. Conclusions Seroreactivity to different microbial antigens is evident already in patients with early stage celiac disease. ASCA antibodies seem to be gluten-dependent. The results indicate that microbial targets might have a role in the early development of celiac disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Early Microbial Markers of Celiac Disease

Viitasalo

Niemi²,

Ashorn³

et al. 2014

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

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“…Interestingly, ASCA cross react with anti-mycobacteria response [48], [49]. However, ASCA are not specific for CD disease as they can also be detected in ACD [50], [51]. Anti-L5P antibodies may thus represent a valuable specific serological marker for CD as anti-L5P IgG titers were not increased in ACD or UC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific IgG Response against Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in Children and Adults with Crohn’s Disease

Verdier

Deroche²,

Allez³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Background and AimsPresence of serum antibodies against Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) in Crohn’s Disease (CD) as a disease characteristic remains controversial. In the present work, we assessed antibody reactivity of serum and intestinal fluid against four distinct MAP-antigens, including the recently identified MAP-specific lipopentapeptide (L5P).MethodsImmunoglobulin concentrations and specificity against 3 non MAP-specific antigens: glycosyl-transferase-d (GSD), purified protein derivative from MAP (Johnin-PPD), heparin binding haemagglutinin (MAP-HBHA) and one MAP-specific antigen: synthetic L5P were determined by ELISA in gut lavage fluids from adult controls or patients with CD, and in sera of children or adult controls or patients with CD, ulcerative colitis or celiac disease.ResultsTotal IgA and IgG concentrations were increased in sera of children with CD but were decreased in sera of adults with CD, thereof specificity against MAP antigens was assessed by normalizing immunoglobulin concentrations between samples. In CD patients, IgG reactivity was increased against the four MAP antigens, including L5P in gut lavage fluids but it was only increased against L5P in sera. By contrast, anti-L5P IgG were not increased in patients with ulcerative colitis or celiac disease.ConclusionsA significant increase in anti-L5P IgG is observed in sera of children and adults with CD but not in patients with other intestinal inflammatory diseases. Anti-L5P antibodies may serve as serological marker for CD.

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“…Nevertheless, C albicans also express common β‐glucan epitopes similar to that of S cerevisiae , suggesting that ASCA as a diagnostic tool may not be specific enough to detect individual fungi . Various sources of microbes and receptors that express these ubiquitous epitopes might also affect ASCA affinity binding, including mycobacteria M paratuberculosis and the fimH receptor on GP2 on M cells, all of which likely contain the mannose alpha 1,3 mannose epitope for ASCA . When serological markers are considered individually, ASCA has the best combined sensitivity and specificity for CD; and pANCA for UC.…”

Section: Impact Of Fungal Alterations On Ibd Diagnosis and Disease Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: fungal alterations in inflammatory bowel diseases

Lam

Zuo

et al. 2019

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Summary Background Emerging data suggest that alterations in gut fungi may be associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In healthy individuals, gut commensal fungi act synergistically with other members of the microbiota to maintain homeostasis but their role in IBD is less clear. Aim To review the role of gut fungi and their trans‐kingdom interactions with bacteria in IBD Methods A literature search was conducted on Ovid and Pubmed to select relevant animal and human studies that have reported fungi and IBD. Results There is an increased total fungal load particularly of Candida and Malassezia species in the faeces and mucosa of Crohn's disease patients, and a lower fungal diversity in the faeces of ulcerative colitis patients. Caspase recruitment domain‐containing protein (CARD)‐9 polymorphism in Crohn's disease patients favours Malassezia colonisation that worsens gut inflammation. Diet high in carbohydrates increased the total abundance of Candida species, whereas protein‐rich diet had the opposite effect. Anti‐fungal therapies are mostly used to treat Candida albicans or Histoplasma capsulatum infections in IBD, whereas pilot studies of supplementing fungal probiotics Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Saccharomyces boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I‐3856 strain showed therapeutic effects in IBD. Conclusions Gut fungi are altered in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Modulation of the fungal microbiota can be considered as a therapeutic approach for IBD. Future research should focus on understanding how the fungal microbiota interacts with other components of the gut microbiota in association with the pathogenesis and development of IBD.

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Serum Antibodies to Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Combined with Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies in Crohn’s Disease Patients: Prevalence and Diagnostic Role

Abstract: Our results suggest a complementary role of ASCA and anti-MAP for CD diagnosis and a possible common role of bacteria in small intestinal mucosal damage in CD and coeliac disease.

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Early Microbial Markers of Celiac Disease

Early Microbial Markers of Celiac Disease

Specific IgG Response against Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in Children and Adults with Crohn’s Disease

Review article: fungal alterations in inflammatory bowel diseases

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