Serum antibody response against periodontal bacteria and coronary heart disease: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Aim The present systematic review and meta‐analysis assessed the strength of a reported association between elevated serum anti‐periodontal bacterial antibody responses and coronary heart disease (CHD). Materials and methods Twenty original studies were identified after systematically searching five databases. The majority (n = 11) compared serum anti‐Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and/or anti‐Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) IgG antibody responses between CHD patients and control participants. The strength of the association between serum anti‐Pg antibodies and CHD (n = 10) and serum anti‐Aa antibodies and CHD (n = 6) was investigated using a meta‐analysis approach separately. Results Most studies (61%) reported that the serum IgG antibody responses were elevated in CHD patients than in controls. The meta‐analyses showed a significant association between elevated serum IgG antibody responses (anti‐Pg and anti‐Aa) and CHD, with pooled odds ratios of 1.23 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–1.38, p = .001] and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.04–1.47, p = .0004), respectively. Conclusions A modest increase of CHD events in individuals with higher serum anti‐Pg and anti‐Aa IgG antibody responses may support their use as potential biomarkers to detect and monitor at‐risk populations. However, the observed inconsistencies with the design and interpretation of immunoassays warrant standardization of the immunoassays assessing antibody responses against periodontal bacteria.

Porphyromonas gingivalis regulates atherosclerosis through an immune pathway

“…In patients with periodontitis, the presence of P. gingivalis colonization in the arterial vessel wall, as well as significantly higher serum anti- P. gingivalis antibody titers ( 26 , 33 ) and inflammatory factor levels ( 27 , 34 ) may lead to a concomitant increase in AS risk ( 35 , 36 ). In contrast, routine oral maintenance and periodontal treatment significantly reduced the levels of AS-related inflammatory factors in the serum of the patient and significantly improved the endothelial function of the patient’s arterial vessels, leading to a consequent reduction in the risk of AS.…”

Unexpected Relationships: Periodontal Diseases: Atherosclerosis–Plaque Destabilization? From the Teeth to a Coronary Event

“…In meta-analysis by Joshi et al was assessed the relationship between the occurrence of serum antibody response against periodontal bacteria and risk of CAD. It showed a significant association between elevated serum IgG antibody responses (anti- p. gingivalis and anti- A. actinomycetemcomitans ) and CAD, with pooled OR of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.09–1.38, p = 0.001) and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.04–1.47, p = 0.0004), respectively [ 99 ]. Moreover, in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC study) by Arsiwala et al, which included 9793 subjects with an average follow-up of 20.1 years, the impact of PD on the risk of PAD was assessed.…”

Characteristics of the Salivary Microbiota in Periodontal Diseases and Potential Roles of Individual Bacterial Species To Predict the Severity of Periodontal Disease

“…This disease is one of the most widespread medical conditions and the leading cause of tooth loss, imposing high economic costs ( 2 ) and an increasing burden worldwide as life expectancy increases. Moreover, scientists have increasingly recognized the importance of periodontal disease, which has been verified to be associated with various systemic diseases such as diabetes ( 3 ), rheumatoid arthritis ( 4 ), coronary heart disease ( 5 ), and Alzheimer’s disease ( 6 ).…”