Serum Apelin and Obesity-Related Complications in Egyptian Children

Wakeel, Maged A. El; El-Kassas, Ghada M.; Kamhawy, Alyaa H.; Galal, Essam M.; Nassar, Mahmoud I.; Hammad, Elsayed Mahmoud; El-Zayat, Salwa Refat

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.312

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, some data reported in literature show that APLN level is increased in obese patients suggesting that BMI is positively correlated with APLN levels [120,121]. Moreover, some authors have suggested that in obese patients APLN expression is elevated in white adipose tissue and decreased in brown adipose tissue.…”

Section: Apelin/apj Axis: Biological Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions

Senesi

Luzi

Terruzzi

2020

IJMS

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: It is now established that adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and heart are endocrine organs and secrete in normal and in pathological conditions several molecules, called, respectively, adipokines, myokines, and cardiokines. These secretory proteins constitute a closed network that plays a crucial role in obesity and above all in cardiac diseases associated with obesity. In particular, the interaction between adipokines, myokines, and cardiokines is mainly involved in inflammatory and oxidative damage characterized obesity condition. Identifying new therapeutic agents or treatment having a positive action on the expression of these molecules could have a key positive effect on the management of obesity and its cardiac complications. Results from recent studies indicate that several nutritional interventions, including nutraceutical supplements, could represent new therapeutic agents on the adipo-myo-cardiokines network. This review focuses the biological action on the main adipokines, myokines and cardiokines involved in obesity and cardiovascular diseases and describe the principal nutraceutical approaches able to regulate leptin, adiponectin, apelin, irisin, natriuretic peptides, and follistatin-like 1 expression.

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Section: Apelin/apj Axis: Biological Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions

Senesi

Luzi

Terruzzi

2020

IJMS

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“…Excessive weight gain leads to severe complications such as hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia, which have been defined as "metabolic syndrome." However, only half of the obese patients with BMI from 30 to 50 kg/m 2 had metabolic disorders [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, AT in obese individuals are the former site of progressive infiltration by pro-inflammatory immune cells, which, together with increased inflammatory adipokine secretion, induce adipocyte insulin resistance. IL-17 and IL10 cells are part of obese AT infiltrating cells and are likely to be promoted by adipose [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Obese and Nonobese Diabetic Children

Abdelhamid

Kamhawy

Ahmed

et al. 2020

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Obesity is an expanded health problem worldwide and it is blamed for a startling rise in type 1 diabetes (T1DM), the interaction between obesity, autoimmune processes, and glucose homeostasis is a growing field of study. AIM: This study was undertaken to predict the role of the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-17 and IL-10) as biomarkers in early screening for obesity and T1DM and to determine the relation of inflammatory cytokines with diabetic complications especially nephropathy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The target group consisted of 92 children with type 1 diabetes children who were diagnosed according to the criteria provided by American Diabetes Association Diabetic; cases were divided into two groups, Group 1 (overweight and obese diabetics) and Group 2 (normal weight diabetic children). The levels of serum IL-17 and IL-10 were assayed in these children by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol levels were measured as well as urinary microalbumin level was estimated for detection of nephropathy. RESULTS: Diabetic overweight and obese children exhibited significantly 3.8 folds more at risk to be bad glycemic control than diabetic children with normal body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, overweight and obese diabetic children displayed significantly 15 times more at risk of having nephropathy than diabetic children with normal BMI. Low serum level of IL 10 and high level of IL 17 showed a significant association with high BMI in diabetic children. High HBA1c, low IL 10, and long disease duration were significantly considered as predominant risk factors for diabetic nephropathy in diabetic children. CONCLUSION: The obtained data from these investigations proved that overweight and obese children have a low serum level of IL-10 and high serum IL-17 levels. The relationship between IL-10/IL-17 can be applied as a good marker for the inflammatory state and these inflammatory interleukins can be employed as biomarkers in early screening for obesity and T1DM. Furthermore, these interleukins can be utilized as a predictor for early diabetic complications, particularly nephropathy.

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“…43 Obestatin suppresses appetite, thus lessen food and water consumption as well as body weight gain and movement of foods through the digestive system. 54,56,57 This suggests that deficiency and over secretion of the hormone may be associated with the two mentioned diseases.…”

Section: Obestatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of bioactive molecules and maternal immune cells in breast milk in type 2 diabetes mellitus risk reduction

Yahaya¹,

Sifau²

2019

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal

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Inadequate breastfeeding or its total neglect has been mentioned in several studies as a contributing factor to the globally rising incidence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the anti-diabetic role of breast-milk has not been given much attention. As such, this study was initiated to review and bring to update on the role of breastfeeding in the risk reduction of T2DM. Relevant information on the topic was retrieved from the reliable science databases, including PubMed, MedLine, Google Scholar, Researchgate, etc. The results showed that breast-milk is not energy dense and contains several health-enhancing bioactive molecules, including adipokines, antimicrobial and growth factors, cytokines, nutrients, and immune cells. Adipokines interact with the central nervous system to modulate certain physiological processes involved in energy balance, thereby programming an infant to be at a reduced risk for overweight, obesity and T2DM later in life. The antimicrobial and growth factors, as well as immune cells and bioactive nutrients may stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria and/or inhibit the growth of pathogens. Thus, strengthen neonate defense mechanisms to effectively prevent infections as well as short and long-term disorders such as obesity and T2DM. In conclusion, nursing mothers are advised to breastfeed babies adequately before introducing them to complementary foods. To cater to the need of babies who may not have access to breastfeeding, healthcare providers should formulate infant formula using breast-milk components as basic constituents.

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Serum Apelin and Obesity-Related Complications in Egyptian Children

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions

Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions

Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Obese and Nonobese Diabetic Children

Role of bioactive molecules and maternal immune cells in breast milk in type 2 diabetes mellitus risk reduction

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