Serum Biochemical and Liver Enzymes Changes in Dogs with Single and Conjunct Experimental Infections of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Ancylostoma caninum

Nwoha, R. I. O.; Anene, B.M.; Eze, I.O.

doi:10.3923/ijtmed.2012.138.142

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…This corroborates previous work done in trypanosomosis in animals (Eloy and Lucheis, 2009;Ezeokonkwo et al, 2010;Nwoha and Anene, 2011a). A sufficient blood loss could result to anaemia which is one of the cardinal signs of trypanosomosis in animals (Sadun et al, 1973;Finelle, 1973;Ohaeri and Eluwa, 2011) and in humans (Woodruff et al, 1973) and clinically anaemia is presented by paleness of the mucous membrane (Nwoha and Anene, 2011b). In trypanosomosis, matrix of factors may be contributory to the significant deficits in blood parameters observed in infected animals and these may include haemolysis as previously recorded by Jennings (1976).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The significant decreases in Pack Cell Volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) signified some degree of blood loss in the infected groups. This corroborates previous work done in trypanosomosis in animals (Eloy and Lucheis, 2009;Ezeokonkwo et al, 2010;Nwoha and Anene, 2011a). A sufficient blood loss could result to anaemia which is one of the cardinal signs of trypanosomosis in animals (Sadun et al, 1973;Finelle, 1973;Ohaeri and Eluwa, 2011) and in humans (Woodruff et al, 1973) and clinically anaemia is presented by paleness of the mucous membrane (Nwoha and Anene, 2011b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Anorexia plays a significant role in anaemia especially in chronic conditions which enhances depletion of nutrient body reserves. Several workers have already recorded significant decrease in PCV and Hb in T. brucei brucei infection in dogs (Nwoha and Anene, 2011a), in T. evansi infection in Sheep (Onah et al, 1996), in T. brucei rhodesiensi infection in Vevert monkeys (Kagira et al, 2006) and in T. evansi infection in goats (Sharma et al, 2000). Treatments with diminazene aceturate and imidocarb dipropionate were curative and caused haematological improvement in both the PCV and Hb values of the infected rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Haematological Changes in Rats Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Treated with Imidocarb Dipropionate and Diminazene Aceturate

Nwoha¹,

Omamegbe²

2015

Research J. of Veterinary Sciences

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Trypanosomosis is a disease that causes great haematological alterations in the infected. Despite the importance of the disease in animals, there is yet scarce trypanocides available for treatment of infected mammals. The present limitation in chemotherapy in trypanosomosis lead to assessment of the usefulness of imidocarb di propionate as an alternative trypanocide. Twenty one pathogen free albino rats were used in the study. They were randomly grouped into 3 of 7 members each. The GPA was uninfected control, GPB was infected with T. brucei brucei and treated with diminazene aceturate and GPC was infected with T. brucei brucei and treated with imidazole dipropionate. By 5 to 6 days post infection, there was a significant decrease in the PCV and Hb concentration values of the infected groups (GPB and GPC) and up to day 7 in GPC. There were haematological improvement in the infected groups by day 8 post infection (day 3 post treatment) on treatment with imidocarb dipropionate and diminazene in GPB and GPC, respectively. The rapid haematological improvements in the groups were attributed to prompt treatment and acuteness of the disease in the rats. It was concluded that T. brucei brucei alters both the PCV and Hb values of infected rats and treatment with imidocarb dipropionate significantly (p<0.05) improved altered haematological values and therefore could serve as an alternative trypanocide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Haematological Changes in Rats Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Treated with Imidocarb Dipropionate and Diminazene Aceturate

Nwoha¹,

Omamegbe²

2015

Research J. of Veterinary Sciences

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“…The establishment of parasitaemia within 4-5 days post infection in the rats agrees with previous studies done on T. brucei infection in animals (Anene et al, 2011;Nwoha and Anene, 2011). Imidocarb di propionate given at dose of 24 mg kgG 1 subcutaneously for 3 consecutive days cleared parasitaemia in the rats without apparent relapse till day 12 of the experiment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy of Imidocarb Di-Propionate and Diminazene Aceturate in Rats Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei

Nwoha¹,

Omamegbe²

2015

Research J. of Veterinary Sciences

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Diminazene aceturate is a yellow to orange aromatic diamidine compound with both antibacterial and protozoal activities. Diminazene aceturate is one of the most important drugs used in the treatment of trypanosomosis in animals. It is often used in treatment of Babesia and Trypanosoma species in animals. Over the years, consistent use of diminazene aceturate especially at low doses by quacks made provisions for development of resistant strains of trypanosome species and relapses of infection few days post treatment. The present challenge in chemotherapy in trypanosomosis necessitated the search for alternative therapies in both humans and animal patients. This study experimentally demonstrates the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate in treatment of trypanosomosis. Its administration at the dose of 24 mg kgG 1 subcutaneously for 2 consecutive days had a curative effect on rats with experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection. There was no relapse recorded in the treated group till the last (12th) day of the experiment. The present study threw some light on the potentials of imidazole dipropionate as an alternative therapy in trypanosomosis. It however requires a much detailed research to confirm its potency as a trypanocid.

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“…Low absorption of proteins coupled with less dietary intake as a result of anorexia during infection period could also attribute to reduction in glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin (Benjamin 1986). These observations corroborate with the report of Padmaja et al (2006) and Nwoha et al (2013) in different animals due to helminth infection, but no such earlier findings reported in dogs in India.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Comparative anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin delivered through different routes in gastrointestinal nematode infected dogs

et al. 2014

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Ivermectin is one of the most effective and widely used antiparasitic agents ever discovered because of its broad spectrum activity against nematodes and arthropods. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the comparative anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin by giving through oral and subcutaneous routes in clinically infected dogs and also to check the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode in dogs in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Total 154 dogs with clinical signs of gastroenteritis were examined for the presence of nematodal ova in their faecal sample and 64 were found positive (41.56 %). The screened dogs were divided in to two groups (n = 10 each), first group of animals were treated with ivermectin @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight by subcutaneous route and the second group with same dose of ivermectin through oral route. Efficacy of ivermectin was evaluated based on egg per gram (EPG), haematological and biochemical parameters. It is concluded that, Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes are high in dogs in the climatic condition of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Ivermectin was found effective when administered through either of the routes. Haemato-biochemical parameters were restored after administration of ivermectin and also significant reduction in EPG was found in dogs treated with ivermectin by both the routes, but no significant difference was observed in EPG between oral and subcutaneous treated dogs in various intervals of study.

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Serum Biochemical and Liver Enzymes Changes in Dogs with Single and Conjunct Experimental Infections of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Ancylostoma caninum

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Comparative Haematological Changes in Rats Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Treated with Imidocarb Dipropionate and Diminazene Aceturate

Comparative Haematological Changes in Rats Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Treated with Imidocarb Dipropionate and Diminazene Aceturate

Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy of Imidocarb Di-Propionate and Diminazene Aceturate in Rats Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei

Comparative anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin delivered through different routes in gastrointestinal nematode infected dogs

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