Serum Calprotectin as a Non-invasive Diagnostic Marker for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Egyptian Cirrhotic Patients

Helmy, A.

doi:10.18535/jmscr/v4i7.01

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…In a different approach, serum calprotectin has been evaluated as a SBP biomarker in one study performed on 75 patients with cirrhosis. The authors observed that serum calprotectin values were significantly higher ( p < .001) in patients with SBP (61.6 ± 7.3 μg/mL) compared to noninfected AF (24.8 ± 14.8 μg/mL) and patients without ascites (24.4 ± 11.8 μg/mL), and they proposed a cut‐off value of serum calprotectin of 46 μg/mL for SBP diagnosis (AUC 0.976; p < .001; sensitivity 100%, specificity 92% and diagnostic accuracy 96%) 22 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14]20,37,38 Moreover, AF calprotectin determination does not avoid the paracentesis. Finally, the limited number of observational studies that evaluated serum and faecal calprotectin [22][23][24][25] proposed a wide range of diagnostic cut-off values, hindering their implementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors observed that serum calprotectin values were significantly higher (p < .001) in patients with SBP (61.6 ± 7.3 μg/mL) compared to noninfected AF (24.8 ± 14.8 μg/mL) and patients without ascites (24.4 ± 11.8 μg/mL), and they proposed a cut-off value of serum calprotectin of 46 μg/mL for SBP diagnosis (AUC 0.976; p < .001; sensitivity 100%, specificity 92% and diagnostic accuracy 96%). 22 Faecal calprotectin has also been evaluated for the diagnosis of SBP. The authors hypothesized that increased faecal calprotectin may be higher in patients with SBP due to bacterial overgrowth and BT.…”

Section: First Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the role of calprotectin in cirrhosis

Fortuny,

Sarrias,

Torner

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Investigation

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BackgroundCalprotectin is a calcium‐binding‐S100‐protein synthetized mainly in neutrophils which has been demonstrated to be an accurate biomarker of the presence of these cells. Gut barrier dysfunction in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD), in addition to the lack of noninvasive tools for diagnosis and prognosis of cirrhosis decompensations, has raised interest in this biomarker.AimsOur aim is to summarize the current evidence regarding the role of calprotectin in terms of its diagnostic and prognostic utility in ACLD.MethodsWe performed a systematic search (PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023389069) of original articles published without any restrictions on the publication date until January 2023 providing information about calprotectin for the prognosis or diagnosis of ACLD and its decompensations in adult patients.ResultsA total 227 articles were identified, and 26 observational studies finally met the inclusion criteria. In 14 studies, calprotectin was measured in ascitic fluid, all of which reported higher calprotectin values in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, while cut‐off points for its diagnosis were proposed in nine studies. Three studies reported higher faecal calprotectin levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy and portal hypertension. Four studies evaluated faecal calprotectin and one plasma calprotectin as biomarkers for gut barrier integrity and bacterial translocation.ConclusionsCalprotectin is emerging as a promising biomarker in ACLD, particularly for the management of bacterial infections and alcohol‐related liver disease. Further research with better study designs should help to determine the feasibility of calprotectin measurement in routine clinical practice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: First Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the role of calprotectin in cirrhosis

Fortuny,

Sarrias,

Torner

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Comparative Study of Ascitic Fluid and Serum Levels of Calprotectin, Procalcitonin and Endocan in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Kassem

Shabana

Aboelenin

et al. 2018

Al-Azhar Medical Journal

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Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious, recurrent, and life-threatening condition developing in cirrhotic patients with a high mortality rate. Its diagnosis is based on ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to be more than 250/? L.Objectives: polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to be more than 250/? L. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the ascitic fluid and serum levels of calprotectin, procalcitonin (PCT) and endocan as appropriate markers for predicting and diagnosing SBP.Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 90 patients with liver cirrhosis: 35 with decompensated cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, 35 with decompensated cirrhosis without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and 20 with compensated cirrhosis with no ascites. We evaluate the correlations of calprotectin, procalcitonin and endocan with indicators of infection and inflammation associated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhotic patients. Ascitic fluid and serum levels of Calprotectin, procalcitonin, endocan, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, serum CRP, and blood leukocytes were analyzed. The control group (n = 30) composed of healthy blood donors with normal aminotransferase levels, normal complete blood counts and negative markers for viral hepatitis and HIV.Results: Ascitic fluid and serum levels of Calprotectin, procalcitonin, endocan, and PMNs, serum CRP and blood leukocytes were statistically elevated in cirrhotic patients with SBP than the control group and cirrhotic patients without SBP. There were statistically significant correlations between the existence of SBP with serum calprotectin (r = 0.512), serum procalcitonin (r= 0.370), serum endocan (r = 0.501), ascitic calprotectin (r = 508), ascitic procalcitonin (r = 0.501), ascitic endocan (r = 0.496), ascitic PMNs (r = 0.562), and CRP (r = 0.492), for all P < 0.001. The diagnostic accuracies of calprotectin, endocan, procalcitonin, and PMNs were elevated in progressive disease stage. Ascitic PMNs ≥ 250/mm³ had a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 94.7%, Serum calprotectin levels ≥ 45 µg/ml had a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 94%, ascitic calprotectin levels ≥ 0.95 µg/ml had a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 89.2%, serum endocan levels ≥ 2.03 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 83.7%, ascitic procalcitonin levels ≥0.33ng/ml had a ARAFAT KASSEM et al. 258sensitivity of 89.9% and specificity of 83.3%, ascitic endocan levels ≥ 0.65 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 78.5%, and lastly serum procalcitonin levels ≥2.50 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 76.8% for the diagnosis of SBP in decompensated cirrhotic patients. Conclusion:Ascitic fluid PMNs, serum calprotectin, ascitic calprotectin,serum endocan, ascitic procalcitonin, and serum procalcitonin, could be useful as powerful diagnostic markers to assess the progression of liver disease and early prediction of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients.

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Serum Calprotectin as a Non-invasive Diagnostic Marker for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Egyptian Cirrhotic Patients

Abstract: BACKGROUND and AIM: Delayed diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is associated with

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Systematic review of the role of calprotectin in cirrhosis

Systematic review of the role of calprotectin in cirrhosis

Comparative Study of Ascitic Fluid and Serum Levels of Calprotectin, Procalcitonin and Endocan in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

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