Serum canine pancreatic-specific lipase concentrations in dogs with naturally occurring <i>Babesia rossi</i> infection

Abstract

Babesia rossi is the cause of a highly virulent multisystemic disease with a variable outcome, which is a reliable model of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of canine pancreatic-specific lipase (cPL) in a population of dogs with naturally acquired B. rossi infection. In addition, the associations between serum cPL and death and SIRS status were examined. An observational study recruited 87 dogs diagnosed with B. rossi infection and serum cPL concentrations were measured daily until discharge or death. The median concentration of serum cPL was 124.0 µg/L (interquartile range: 51.0 µg/L – 475.5 µg/L) on admission (n= 87) and 145.5 µg/L (62.3 µg/L – 434.0 µg/L) on day two of hospitalisation (n = 40). Twenty-four dogs (28%) had a serum cPL concentration within the diagnostic range for pancreatitis (> 400 µg/L) at admission with 13 dogs (32.5%) presenting as such on the second day of hospitalisation. The median concentration of serum cPL in dogs with SIRS was 158 µg/L (interquartile range: 52.5 µg/L – 571.5 µg/L; n = 53), which was significantly higher than in those without SIRS (75 µg/L; 50.3 µg/L – 131.8 µg/L; n = 32) (P = 0.018). This study demonstrated that an unexpectedly high number of dogs diagnosed with naturally acquired canine babesiosis had a serum cPL concentration within the diagnostic range for acute pancreatitis and a significantly higher serum cPL concentration was found in dogs that were classified as having SIRS.

Hyperlipasemia in critically ill dogs with and without acute pancreatitis: Prevalence, underlying diseases, predictors, and outcome

“…18 Besides AP, conditions associated with increased lipase activity or cPL in dogs include septic peritonitis, gastrointestinal foreign body, gastric dilatation-volvulus, gastroenteritis, pancreatic or hepatic neoplasia, cardiac disease, DKA, obesity, Ehrlichia canis or Babesia rossi infection, hyperadrenocorticism, and glucocorticoid administration. 16,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Some of these disorders may cause secondary AP because of diffuse abdominal inflammation, pancreatic hypoperfusion or ischemia and reperfusion. 16 However, the clinical relevance of hyperlipasemia in many cases remains unclear, as does the influence of renal disease on lipase activity.…”

Thromboelastographic platelet mapping in dogs with complicated Babesia rossi infection

“…Dogs of any breed and either sex with demonstrable parasitemia were considered for inclusion into the babesiosis group, provided they were older than 6 months and weighed more than 3.5 kg. The infected dogs had to demonstrate one or more of the following manifestations of complicated babesiosis: secondary immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA; marked spherocytosis, positive warm in‐saline agglutination or Coombs test result), acute kidney injury (AKI; oliguria/anuria and persistent azotemia unresponsive to appropriate fluid therapy), hypoglycemia (blood glucose <3.3 mmol/L), cerebral babesiosis (neurologic signs not attributable to any other cause), hepatopathy with cholestasis (icterus, marked bilirubinuria, hyperbilirubinemia, increased liver enzyme activities), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; dyspnea, adventitious lung sounds, frothy blood‐tinged nasal discharge, blood‐gas evidence of ventilation‐perfusion mismatch, radiological evidence of edema and lung consolidation), hemoconcentration (congested mucous membranes, high‐normal or increased HCT with evidence of concurrent intravascular hemolysis), and pancreatitis (vomiting, cranial abdominal pain, melena, and icterus; increased serum lipase activity; or ultrasonographic evidence of acute pancreatitis) . The Babesia ‐infected dogs were treated according to the standard protocol in use at the OVAH.…”

Neutrophil Myeloperoxidase Index in Dogs With Babesiosis Caused by Babesia rossi

“…Babesia rossi is a hemoprotozoan parasite, transmitted by Haemophysalis elliptica ticks, and is considered the most pathogenic of the large canine babesias (1,2). The severity of the disease has been reported to be due to an exuberant and ineffective immune response that sometimes results in lethal collateral organ damage (3)(4)(5)(6). Recent studies have confirmed the presence of a marked pro-inflammatory response in dogs infected with B. rossi, of which the severity was correlated with patient outcome (7,8).…”