Serum coding and non‐coding RNAs as biomarkers of NAFLD and fibrosis severity

Mauro, Stefania Di; Scamporrino, Alessandra; Petta, Salvatore; Urbano, Francesca; Filippello, Agnese; Ragusa, Marco; Martino, Maria Teresa Di; Scionti, Francesca; Grimaudo, Stefania; Pipitone, Rosaria Maria; Privitera, G.; Pino, Antonino Di; Valenti, Luca; Dongiovanni, Paola; Fracanzani, Anna Ludovica; Rabuazzo, Agata Maria; Craxı̀, Antonio; Purrello, Francesco; Piro, Salvatore

doi:10.1111/liv.14167

Cited by 54 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…Recent in vitro studies reported aberrant expression of lncRNA during HSC activation, and this was confirmed in two in vivo studies examining liver tissue of NAFLD and NASH patients [79][80][81]. In biopsy-proven NAFLD patients with disease of different severity, another small study showed difference in the expression profile of patients when compared to normal liver [82].…”

Section: Emerging Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Using immunoprecipitation, it was shown that, in NASH, the low intrahepatic levels of miR-122, rather than a real downregulation, may be a consequence of the increased rate of release into the circulation [84]. It can be hypothesized that hepatocyte-derived exosomes mediate miR-122 sensitization of macrophages to inflammatory signals [82]. Other miR such as miR-34a concentrations were significantly higher in NAFLD patients [85].…”

Section: Emerging Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noninvasive Diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH

Piazzolla

Mangia

2020

Cells

182

118

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The aim of this review is to outline emerging biomarkers that can serve as early diagnostic tools to identify patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and, among them, the subgroup of best candidates for clinical trials on emerging compounds. Regarding possible predictors of NAFLD, a number of studies evaluated a combination of serum biomarkers either available in routine practice (or investigational) or proprietary and expensive. So far, magnetic resonance imaging-derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) appears to be the most accurate for fatty liver diagnosis. In clinical practice, the main question is how to diagnose NASH early. There are new promising biomarkers that can help in diagnosing early stages of NASH, yet they include variables not routinely tested. In the setting of NASH, most studies confirm that, in spite of several well-known limitations, transient elastography or point shear wave elastography can help in enriching the pool of patients that should be screened for investigational treatments. Newer multiomics biomarkers including those focusing on microbiota can be useful but require methods to be standardized and implemented. To date, one biomarker alone is not able to non- or minimally invasively identify patients with NASH and mild to moderate fibrosis.

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Section: Emerging Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Emerging Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH

Piazzolla

Mangia

2020

Cells

182

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Briefly, 10 ng of total RNA were retrotranscribed in single-stranded cDNA containing T7 promoter sequence at the 5′ end. 3′ Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized by adding an adaptor as a template; pre-IVT amplification reaction was optimized with 12 cycles of amplification, as previously reported [ 59 ]. The double-stranded DNA was used as a template for antisense RNA synthesis and overnight amplification (14 h) by in vitro transcription (IVT), using T7 RNA polymerase.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncharacterized RNAs in Plasma of Alzheimer’s Patients Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Show a Potential Diagnostic Power

Barbagallo

Martino

Grasso

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis is actually based on clinical evaluation and brain-imaging tests, and it can often be confirmed only post-mortem. Therefore, new non-invasive molecular biomarkers are necessary to improve AD diagnosis. As circulating microRNA biomarkers have been proposed for many diseases, including AD, we aimed to identify new diagnostic non-small RNAs in AD. Whole transcriptome analysis was performed on plasma samples of five AD and five unaffected individuals (CTRL) using the Clariom D Pico Assay, followed by validation in real-time PCR on 37 AD patients and 37 CTRL. Six differentially expressed (DE) transcripts were identified: GS1-304P7.3 (upregulated), NONHSAT090268, TC0100011037, TC0400008478, TC1400008125, and UBE2V1 (downregulated). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) may influence the expression of circulating RNAs and their analysis has been proposed to improve AD clinical management. Accordingly, DE transcript expression was also evaluated in PBMCs, showing no difference between AD and CTRL. ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each DE transcript and a signature including all of them. A correlation between cognitive impairment and GS1-304P7.3, NONHSAT090268, TC0100011037, and TC0400008478 was detected, suggesting a potential association between their extracellular abundance and AD clinical phenotype. Finally, this study identified six transcripts showing altered expression in the plasma of AD patients. Given the need for new, accurate blood biomarkers for AD diagnosis, these transcripts may be considered for further analyses in larger cohorts, also in combination with other biomarkers, aiming to identify specific RNA-based biomarkers to be eventually applied to clinical practice.

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“…Palmitate solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) was prepared as previously reported [ 30 ] and was diluted in culture medium. DCI was kindly provided by Amicogen Inc. (Jinju, Korea) and shipped by Vivatis Pharma GmbH (Hamburg, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Effects of D-Chiro-Inositol on Insulin Signaling and Glucagon Secretion of Pancreatic Alpha Cells

et al. 2020

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The insulin resistance state of pancreatic α-cells seems to be related to glucagon hypersecretion in type 2 diabetes. Treatment that can improve the insulin sensitivity of α-cells could control glucagon levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive role of D-chiro-inositol (DCI), which has insulin receptor-sensitizer effects on insulin signaling pathways and glucagon secretion in pancreatic α-TC1 clone 6 cells. Cells were chronically treated with palmitate to induce insulin resistance in the presence/absence of DCI. DCI treatment improved the insulin signaling pathway and restored insulin-mediated glucagon suppression in α-TC1-6 cells exposed to palmitate. These results indicate that DCI treatment prevents the insulin resistance of α-TC1-6 cells chronically exposed to palmitate. Our data provide evidence that DCI could be useful to improve the insulin sensitivity of pancreatic α-cells in diabetes treatment.

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Serum coding and non‐coding RNAs as biomarkers of NAFLD and fibrosis severity

Cited by 54 publications

References 46 publications

Noninvasive Diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH

Noninvasive Diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH

Uncharacterized RNAs in Plasma of Alzheimer’s Patients Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Show a Potential Diagnostic Power

Direct Effects of D-Chiro-Inositol on Insulin Signaling and Glucagon Secretion of Pancreatic Alpha Cells

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