Serum concentrations of canine alpha<sub>1</sub>-proteinase inhibitor in cobalamin-deficient Yorkshire Terrier dogs

Grützner, Niels; Heilmann, Romy M.; Bridges, Cory Seth; Suchodolski, Jan S.; Steiner, Jörg M.

doi:10.1177/1040638713485960

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…31 Along these lines, we have shown in a previous study that hypoalbuminemia is associated with a decreased serum α 1 PI concentration in hypocobalaminemic Yorkshire Terriers and hypothesized that serum α 1 PI concentrations might have prognostic implications in dogs with chronic small intestinal disease. 11 However, in the present study, serum concentrations of α 1 PI were not significantly different between hypocobalaminemic and normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis suggesting that hypocobalaminemia in Shar-Peis is not associated with altered serum Serum concentrations of creatinine were significantly lower, albeit numerically only slightly different, in hypocobalaminemic Shar-Peis compared with normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis. Increased serum creatinine concentrations have been observed in 1 (5%) hypocobalaminemic Shar-Pei and in 9 (20%) normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

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Inflammatory, immunological, and intestinal disease biomarkers in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs with marked hypocobalaminemia

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Chinese Shar-Pei dogs have a high prevalence of hypocobalaminemia and are commonly presented with clinical signs suggestive of severe and long-standing gastrointestinal disease such as diarrhea, vomiting, and/or weight loss. The aim of the current study was to evaluate serum concentrations of inflammatory markers, markers for intestinal disease, and immunological markers in Shar-Peis with hypocobalaminemia or normocobalaminemia (serum cobalamin concentrations within the reference interval). Serum samples from Shar-Peis were collected from various parts of the United States. Serum concentrations of inflammatory markers (i.e., C-reactive protein [CRP], calprotectin [CP], and S100A12), hyaluronic acid (HA, a marker for cutaneous mucinosis), and analytes commonly altered in chronic intestinal diseases (i.e., albumin, zinc, alphaA, and IgM) were compared between Shar-Peis with hypocobalaminemia and Shar-Peis with normocobalaminemia. Serum concentrations of CRP, CP, S100A12, HA, zinc, and cα 1 -PI concentrations did not differ between hypocobalaminemic and normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis (P > 0.05). Serum concentrations of albumin were significantly lower in hypocobalaminemic Shar-Peis (median: 2.5 g/dl) than in normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis (median: 2.9 g/ dl; P < 0.0001). Higher serum IgA concentrations and lower serum IgM concentrations were observed in hypocobalaminemic Shar-Peis (median: 1.7 g/l and 0.8 g/l, respectively) than in normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis (median: 0.7 g/l and 1.9 g/l, respectively; both P < 0.0001). In conclusion, no difference was found in serum concentrations of CRP, CP, S100A12, and HA between hypocobalaminemic and normocobalaminemic Shar-Peis whereas some differences were observed in analytes (e.g., albumin, IgA, and IgM) that may be altered in patients with chronic enteropathies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…J Vet Intern Med 22:747-748. Abstract], and canine alpha 1 -proteinease inhibitor 11,17 ), which have been reported to be affected in dogs with severe and longstanding intestinal disease might be altered in Shar-Peis with hypocobalaminemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory, immunological, and intestinal disease biomarkers in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs with marked hypocobalaminemia

et al. 2014

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“…Lack of a correlation between serum cα 1 ‐PI and serum concentration of albumin (a minor negative APP) is interesting and unexpected, and it contrasts the results in healthy dogs and in dogs with suspected or diagnosed chronic enteropathies . The discrepancy may indicate an independent and complex regulation, temporal differences in the production, and/or selective loss or degradation during the acute phase response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This has led to the suggestion of a species‐specific physiologic and pathophysiologic role of this proteinase inhibitor. However, more recent studies by our group found that serum cα 1 ‐PI concentrations were increased in dogs with pancreatitis, a disease process that is often associated with an activation of the systemic inflammatory cascade, and in dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, whereas dogs with protein‐losing diseases had decreased serum cα 1 ‐PI concentrations . Evaluation of cα 1 ‐PI in dogs with SIRS or sepsis would thus further our understanding of its pathophysiologic role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Serum alpha₁‐proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis

Heilmann

Grützner

Thames

et al. 2017

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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“…Also, increased fecal canine α 1 PI concentrations in dogs <6-12 months of age should be interpreted with caution and should be verified at ≥1 year of age. 40 Chronic gastrointestinal loss of α 1 PI caused by PLE will deplete systemic α 1 PI concentrations, resulting in a decreased serum α 1 PI concentration 43,46,47 and presumably an altered plasma proteinaseproteinase inhibitor balance. Consequently, the serum-to-fecal α 1 PI ratio appears to further improve the diagnostic accuracy for PLE in hypoalbuminemic dogs, 43 but caution must be exercised with the interpretation of serum α 1 PI concentrations in corticosteroid-treated dogs.…”

Section: Fecal and Serum Alpha 1 -Proteinase Inhibitor (α 1 Pi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical utility of currently available biomarkers in inflammatory enteropathies of dogs

Heilmann

Steiner

2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Chronic inflammatory enteropathies (CIE) in dogs are a group of disorders that are characterized by chronic persistent or recurrent signs of gastrointestinal disease and histologic evidence of mucosal inflammation. These CIEs are classified as either food‐responsive, antibiotic‐responsive, or immunosuppressant‐responsive enteropathy. Patients not clinically responding to immunomodulatory treatment are grouped as nonresponsive enteropathy and dogs with intestinal protein loss as protein‐losing enteropathy. Disease‐independent clinical scoring systems were established in dogs for assessment of clinical disease severity and patient monitoring during treatment. Histopathologic and routine clinicopathologic findings are usually not able to distinguish the subgroups of CIE. Treatment trials are often lengthy and further diagnostic tests are usually at least minimally invasive. Biomarkers that can aid in defining the presence of disease, site of origin, severity of the disease process, response to treatment, or a combination of these would be clinically useful in dogs with CIE. This article summarizes the following biomarkers that have been evaluated in dogs with CIE during the last decade, and critically evaluates their potential clinical utility in dogs with CIE: functional biomarkers (cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, folate, α1‐proteinase inhibitor, immunoglobulin A), biochemical biomarkers (C‐reactive protein, perinuclear anti‐neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies, 3‐bromotyrosine, N‐methylhistamine, calprotectin, S100A12, soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products, cytokines and chemokines, alkaline phosphatase), microbiomic biomarkers (microbiome changes, dysbiosis index), metabolomic biomarkers (serum metabolome), genetic biomarkers (genomic markers, gene expression changes), and cellular biomarkers (regulatory T cells). In addition, important performance criteria of diagnostic tests are briefly reviewed.

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Serum concentrations of canine alpha₁-proteinase inhibitor in cobalamin-deficient Yorkshire Terrier dogs

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Inflammatory, immunological, and intestinal disease biomarkers in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs with marked hypocobalaminemia

Inflammatory, immunological, and intestinal disease biomarkers in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs with marked hypocobalaminemia

Serum alpha₁‐proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis

Clinical utility of currently available biomarkers in inflammatory enteropathies of dogs

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Serum concentrations of canine alpha1-proteinase inhibitor in cobalamin-deficient Yorkshire Terrier dogs

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Inflammatory, immunological, and intestinal disease biomarkers in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs with marked hypocobalaminemia

Inflammatory, immunological, and intestinal disease biomarkers in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs with marked hypocobalaminemia

Serum alpha1‐proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis

Clinical utility of currently available biomarkers in inflammatory enteropathies of dogs

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Product

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Serum concentrations of canine alpha₁-proteinase inhibitor in cobalamin-deficient Yorkshire Terrier dogs

Serum alpha₁‐proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis