Serum concentrations of erythromycin after intravenous infusion in preterm neonates treated for Ureaplasma urealyticum infection

Waites, Ken B.; Sims, Pamela J.; Crouse, Dennis T.; Geerts, Michael H.; Shoup, R; Hamrick, W. B.; Duffy, Lynn B.; Cassell, Gail H.

doi:10.1097/00006454-199404000-00008

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The study provided data supporting the use of 40 mg/kg/day of erythromycin for intravenous treatment of preterm neonates. [54] A limited number of studies report the use of macrolides for eradication of Ureaplasma in neonates at risk for developing BPD. Ballard et al, randomized 220 mechanically ventilated preterm infants ≤ 1250 g and treated them with azithromycin or placebo for up to 6 weeks.…”

Section: Broth Micro -Dilution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ureaplasma: Current perspectives

Kokkayil

Dhawan

2015

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Ureaplasma species are the most prevalent genital Mycoplasma isolated from the urogenital tract of both men and women. Ureaplasma has 14 known serotypes and is divided into two biovars- Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum. The organism has several genes coding for surface proteins, the most important being the gene encoding the Multiple Banded Antigen (MBA). The C-terminal domain of MBA is antigenic and elicits a host antibody response. Other virulence factors include phospholipases A and C, IgA protease and urease. Besides genital tract infections and infertility, Ureaplasma is also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and diseases in the newborn (chronic lung disease and retinopathy of prematurity). Infection produces cytokines in the amniotic fluid which initiates preterm labour. They have also been reported from renal stone and suppurative arthritis. Genital infections have also been reported with an increasing frequency in HIV-infected patients. Ureaplasma may be a candidate 'co factor' in the pathogenesis of AIDS. Culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the mainstay of diagnosis. Commercial assays are available with improved turnaround time. Micro broth dilution is routinely used to test antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. The organisms are tested against azithromycin, josamycin, ofloxacin and doxycycline. Resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones have been reported. The susceptibility pattern also varies among the biovars with biovar 2 maintaining higher sensitivity rates. Prompt diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy is essential to prevent long term complications of Ureaplasma infections. After surveying PubMed literature using the terms 'Ureaplasma', 'Ureaplasma urealyticum' and 'Ureaplasma parvum', relevant literature were selected to provide a concise review on the recent developments.

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Section: Broth Micro -Dilution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ureaplasma: Current perspectives

Kokkayil

Dhawan

2015

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Waites et al studied the pharmacokinetics and microbiological efficacy of intravenous erythromycin in preterm neonates colonized in the lower respiratory tract with Ureaplasma spp (324). Fourteen preterm neonates with birth weights of Յ1,500 g who were Յ15 days of age and who required supplemental oxygen and/or mechanical ventilation from whom ureaplasmas were isolated from the lower respiratory tract were enrolled into the study.…”

Section: Treatment Of Respiratory and Systemic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas as Neonatal Pathogens

Katz²,

2005

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SUMMARY The genital mycoplasmas represent a complex and unique group of microorganisms that have been associated with a wide array of infectious diseases in adults and infants. The lack of conclusive knowledge regarding the pathogenic potential of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma spp. in many conditions is due to a general unfamiliarity of physicians and microbiology laboratories with their fastidious growth requirements, leading to difficulty in their detection; their high prevalence in healthy persons; the poor design of research studies attempting to base association with disease on the mere presence of the organisms in the lower urogenital tract; the failure to consider multifactorial aspects of diseases; and considering these genital mycoplasmas only as a last resort. The situation is now changing because of a greater appreciation of the genital mycoplasmas as perinatal pathogens and improvements in laboratory detection, particularly with regard to the development of powerful molecular nucleic acid amplification tests. This review summarizes the epidemiology of genital mycoplasmas as causes of neonatal infections and premature birth; evidence linking ureaplasmas with bronchopulmonary dysplasia; recent changes in the taxonomy of the genus Ureaplasma; the neonatal host response to mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections; advances in laboratory detection, including molecular methods; and therapeutic considerations for treatment of systemic diseases.

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“…Despite in vitro susceptibility of Ureaplasma spp. to erythromycin 46 and favourable pharmacokinetic (PK) activity, 47 trials of erythromycin therapy in ureaplasma-colonised preterm infants have failed to demonstrated efficacy to prevent BPD 48 49 or to eradicate respiratory tract colonisation. 50 More recent studies have focused on the potential benefit of the new 14-member macrolides and the 15-member azalides because of their antiinflammatory properties and favourable Ureaplasma in vitro susceptibilities.…”

Section: Bpd Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ureaplasmaspecies: role in neonatal morbidities and outcomes

Viscardi

2013

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed

125

100

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The genital mycoplasma species, Ureaplasma parvum and U. urealyticum are the most common organisms isolated from infected amniotic fluid and placentas and they contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth and neonatal morbidities. In our institution, almost half of preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation are Ureaplasma-positive in one or more compartment (respiratory, blood, and/or cerebrospinal fluid), indicating that these organisms are the most common pathogens affecting this population. This review will focus on the compelling epidemiologic and experimental evidence linking perinatal Ureaplasma species exposure to important morbidities of prematurity such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, and necrotizing enterocolitis.

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Serum concentrations of erythromycin after intravenous infusion in preterm neonates treated for Ureaplasma urealyticum infection

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Ureaplasma: Current perspectives

Ureaplasma: Current perspectives

Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas as Neonatal Pathogens

Ureaplasmaspecies: role in neonatal morbidities and outcomes

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