Serum creatinine as an indicator of lean body mass in vegetarians and omnivores

Bartholomae, Eric; Knurick, Jessica; Johnston, Carol S.

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.996541

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…After administration of potassium bromate, serum levels of creatinine significantly (P<0.05) increased. This is an indication of renal damage, though there was no significant alteration in the serum level of urea (Levey et al, 1988;Bartholomae et al, 2022). In addition, antioxidant defense system was compromised as indicated by the significant reduction in the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and gluthathione peroxidase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Administration of combined exogenous L-arginine and ascorbic acid attenuates potassium bromate-induced renal and hepatic toxicity

Kolawole,

Bakare,

Ayankunle

et al. 2024

njpr

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Background: The use of potassium bromate (KBrO3) as food additive is still widespread and there is need to search for agents with protective effect against KBrO3-induced toxicity. Objective: In this study, the protective effects of L-arginine, ascorbic acid, and their combined regimen on KBrO3-induced renal and hepatic toxicity were investigated in Wistar rats. Methods: Five groups of male rats were used for the study. Group A was given distilled water (control), and group B was treated with KBrO3 only. In addition to KBrO3, groups C, D, and E were given L-arginine, ascorbic acid, and combined L-arginine and ascorbic acid respectively. After 28-day treatment, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis; liver and kidney were harvested for histological examination. Results: KBrO3 significantly (p < 0.05) raised serum levels of creatinine, urea, ALT, and AST compared to distilled water-treated control. Levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx were also significantly reduced. No significant changes in these parameters were observed with ascorbic acid and L-arginine given separately. Treatment with combined regimen of L-arginine and ascorbic acid resulted in significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the serum levels of creatinine, AST and ALT, and significant increase in the serum levels of SOD, CAT and GPx compared to the control. The distortions induced by KBrO3 in the structural architecture of renal and hepatic tissues were largely reduced in rats treated with combined ascorbic acid and L-arginine. Conclusion: The study showed that L-arginine and ascorbic acid synergistically attenuate KBrO3-induced renal and hepatic toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Administration of combined exogenous L-arginine and ascorbic acid attenuates potassium bromate-induced renal and hepatic toxicity

Kolawole,

Bakare,

Ayankunle

et al. 2024

njpr

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“…Serum creatinine, the most common universally measured indicator of renal function, is inherently and proportionally dependent on muscle metabolism and may be considered a surrogate for muscle mass [ 2 , 3 ]. When adjusted for age and gender, creatinine can accurately estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) being the most accurate formula for clinical use in well patients [ 2 , 4 – 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean body mass in living kidney donors impacts postoperative renal function

Keenan,

Nic an Riogh,

Brennan

et al. 2024

World J Urol

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Purpose A living donor kidney transplant is the optimal treatment for chronic renal impairment. Our objective is to assess if lean skeletal muscle mass and donor factors such as body mass index, hypertension, and age impact on renal function following donor nephrectomy. Methods Potential donors undergo CT angiography as part of their work-up in our institution. Using dedicated software (Horos®), standardized skeletal muscle area measured at the L3 vertebrae was calculated. When corrected for height, skeletal muscle index can be derived. Skeletal muscle mass index below predefined levels was classified as sarcopenic. The correlation of CT-derived skeletal muscle index and postoperative renal function at 12 months was assessed. Co-variables including donor gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and presence of pre-op hypertension were also assessed for their impact on postoperative renal function. Results 275 patients who underwent living donor nephrectomy over 10 years were included. Baseline pre-donation glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal function at one year post-op were similar between genders. 29% (n = 82) of patients met the criteria for CT-derived sarcopenia. Sarcopenic patients were more likely to have a higher GFR at one year post-op (69.3 vs 63.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001). The main factors impacting better renal function at one year were the presence of sarcopenia and younger age at donation. Conclusion When selecting donors, this study highlights that patients with low skeletal mass are unlikely to underperform in terms of recovery of their renal function postoperatively at one year when compared to patients with normal muscle mass and should not be a barrier to kidney donation.

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A Systematic Review of the Impact of Vegetarian Diets on Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength in Community‐Dwelling, Healthy Adults

Smillie,

Minehan,

Knight‐Agarwal

et al. 2024

JCSM Communications

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BackgroundLoss of muscle mass and muscle strength are key characteristics of age‐related muscle decline. Dietary protein is a key nutrient that supports optimal muscle health. However, there is a strong argument to reduce intake of animal protein for health and environmental reasons. The effects of vegetarian diets on determinants of muscle health are not clear. This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of vegetarian diets on muscle mass and muscle strength.MethodsA systematic literature search of the CINAHL, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases, as well as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting the effects of vegetarian diets on muscle mass and strength were analysed.ResultsA total of three interventions and 11 observational studied were eligible to be included (n = 14) in this review. Five of the 12 studies that reported muscle mass found no difference in muscle mass between participants consuming an omnivorous versus vegetarian diet. One observational study reported higher muscle mass for vegetarians. Of the studies that reported muscle strength (n = 5), three reported no difference between participants consuming an omnivorous and vegetarian diet.ConclusionsHalf of the included studies reported no difference in muscle mass or strength between vegetarians and omnivores. Further high‐quality studies are needed to better understand the relationship between vegetarian diets and determinants of muscle health.

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Serum creatinine as an indicator of lean body mass in vegetarians and omnivores

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Administration of combined exogenous L-arginine and ascorbic acid attenuates potassium bromate-induced renal and hepatic toxicity

Administration of combined exogenous L-arginine and ascorbic acid attenuates potassium bromate-induced renal and hepatic toxicity

Lean body mass in living kidney donors impacts postoperative renal function

A Systematic Review of the Impact of Vegetarian Diets on Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength in Community‐Dwelling, Healthy Adults

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