Serum CYFRA 21-1 (cytokeratin-19 fragments) is a useful tumour marker for detecting disease relapse and assessing treatment efficacy in breast cancer

Abstract

The usefulness of serum CYFRA 21-1 (cytokeratin-19 fragments) in monitoring the recurrence of breast cancer and in evaluating therapeutic effects was studied retrospectively. The sera from 173 patients with primary breast cancer or recurrent disease were measured for CYFRA 21-1, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) levels. The positive rates of serum CYFRA 21-1 for stage IV (n ¼ 12) or recurrent disease (n ¼ 26) were 83.3 and 84.6%, respectively, while those of serum CEA were 41.7 and 26.9%, and those of serum CA 15-3 were 83.3 and 34.6%. The elevated preoperative levels of serum CYFRA 21-1 decreased to normal levels after curative operation, whereas the levels remained abnormally high after noncurative operation. There was a significantly high frequency of recurrence in patients with elevated levels of serum CYFRA 21-1 preoperatively compared to those with normal levels of the marker preoperatively. The serum CYFRA 21-1 levels were well correlated with response to chemotherapy. The positive rate of serum CYFRA 21-1 alone was higher than that of an assay combining CEA with CA 15-3, in both primary and recurrent cases (28.8 vs 18.8 and 84.6 vs 46.2%, respectively). These observations suggest that serum CYFRA 21-1 may be a reliable marker of recurrence or therapeutic efficacy.

Prediction of Lung Cancer Based on Serum Biomarkers by Gene Expression Programming Methods

“…Cyfra21-1, which is a polypeptide tumor marker, is produced by almost all human cells and designated circulating cytokeratin-19 fragment (Wieskopf et al, 1995;Molina et al, 2003;Nakata et al, 2004). It is a unique epitope from a polypeptide and abundantly elaborated following cell death, whose diagnostic utility and prognostic relevance have been demonstrated in stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer (Gaarenstroom et al, 1995;Lee, 2013;Wang et al, 2013;Gwak et al, 2014).…”

Administrative Optimization of Proteomics Networks for Drug Development

“…1287vch01.pmd 15.12.2005, 17:29 7 • Efficacy markers: allow monitoring of the efficacy of a given drug treatment [serum CYFRA 21-1 (cytokeratin-19 fragments) in breast cancer (Nakata et al, 2004)]. …”

A system for tumor heterogeneity evaluation and diagnosis based on tumor markers measured routinely in the laboratory

“…Therefore, the diagnosis of any one type of tumor cannot be based on a single tumor marker. With long-term observations and examinations, an increasing number of proven serum tumor markers have been used in the clinic, and detection approaches and effective positive criteria for common serum tumor markers are well established including alpha fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatocellular carcinoma [4][5][6], carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for cancers in digestive tract [7][8][9], CYFRA 21-1 for breast carcinoma [10][11][12], CA125 [13][14][15] for ovarian cancer, CA15-3 for breast cancer [16][17][18], CA19-9 for pancreatic cancer [19][20][21], CA72-4 for ovarian cancer [22][23][24], and neuron specific enolase (NSE) for lung cancer [25][26][27]. We hypothesized that serum tumor markers would be useful for establishing an evaluation system for tumor heterogeneity and for diagnosis of some types of tumors.…”