“…The systematic review and meta-analysis involved studies that reported the outcome measures at both first and second trimesters [32], first and third trimesters [36], second trimester [30,31,34,41,44], second and third trimesters [38,42], and third trimester of pregnancy [33,35,37,39,40] whereas two studies did not specify gestational period during sample collection [43,45]. Blood sample was collected from 13 studies [30,31,33,[35][36][37][38][39][40][42][43][44][45], skin sample from two studies [32,34], and placenta sample from one study [41] ( Table 1). For analysis of specific AGEs and metabolic biomarkers, five and four studies were included to generate the pooled estimates of HOMA-IR [31,37,42,43,45], and HbA1c [31,33,37,43], respectively.…”