Serum FSH as a Useful Marker for the Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumors

Abstract

Background: We evaluated whether the serum hormone levels are useful in the differential diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors (GCTs), regardless of menopausal status. Methods: Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone were measured preoperatively in all patients (n = 471) who underwent surgery for ovarian tumors at Chiba University Hospital between 2009 and 2021. These were compared in two groups, a GCT group (n = 13) and a group with other histological types (non-GCT) (n = 458). Results: The GCT group had significantly lower serum LH and FSH (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively) and significantly higher testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.045, respectively) than the non-GCT group. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum FSH and estradiol were significantly associated with GCT (FSH, odds ratio (OR) = 0.0046, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0026–0.22, p = 0.004; estradiol, OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96–0.998, p = 0.046). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis for GCTs showed that the area under the curve of serum FSH was 0.99, with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98%, when the cutoff level was set at 2.0 IU/L. Conclusions: Preoperative serum FSH level is an extremely useful marker for differentiating GCTs from all ovarian tumors.

An Update in Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Camel Tumors

“…Common patterns were micro/macrofollicular, trabecular, diffuse sheets, and Call-Exner bodies; while uncommon patterns were solid follicular, luteinized-granulosa, luteinized-thecoma, luteinized-pigmented, insular, tubule-like and Sertoli-like. Granulosa-theca cell tumors are frequently active in mares and women, producing various combinations of testosterone, inhibin and estrogen, progesterone, and anti-Mullerian hormone (Tsogtgerel et al, 2021;Matsuoka et al, 2022). On the other hand, a granulosa cell tumor found in a dromedary camel seemed to be hormonally inert, while the ovary on the other side had developing follicles (Ali et al, 2013).…”

Analysis and Importance of FSH? Gene in Pig Reproductive Performance

“…FSHβ plays a key role in follicular development and estrogen production in female animals, and the level of estrogen in the peripheral blood of sows and other animals during estrus is a decisive factor for their reproductive performance (Koketsu and Iida 2017;Gagnon et al 2018;Simon et al 2019). At the same time, a recent study has shown that FSH can be used as a useful marker for the identification of ovarian cytoma (Matsuoka et al 2022). Moreover, LHR expression has been detected in the blood of sows at the estrus stage, indicating that the expression of LHR in relevant tissues is related to the changes occurring during estrus cycle in the animal (Guan et al 2021;Kopycińska et al 2022).…”