Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in myocardial ischaemia.

Hedworth-Whitty, R. B.; Whitfield, John B.; Richardson, R. W.

doi:10.1136/hrt.29.3.432

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The enzyme is present in normal plasma and raised plasma levels have been reported in hepatic (Szczeklik et al, 1961;Goldbarg et al, 1963) and myocardial disorders (Agostoni et al, 1965;Hedworth-Whitty et al, 1967). However, of all the body tissues, the kidney shows the highest activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma γ-glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity following Renal Transplantation

1970

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RESULTSAll three patients with rejection episodes showed GGTP elevation, On the first patient who had two rejection episodes, plasma GGTP elevation preceded each. On the second and third patients, GGTP elevation coincided with the onset of rejection.Of the 14 patients investigated, all but two were found to have raised plasma GGTP levels at some stage during the course of the investigation. On the majority of these, enzyme levels did not exceed twice the upper limit of normal. Three patients had graft rejection episodes. One of these patients had a second episode of rejection. Rejection was generally considered to have occurred when there was a simultaneous fall in urine output, rise in plasma creatinine and blood urea levels and clinical deterioration. Two patients died during the course of the study.The possible influence of transplant rejection, low urine output, dialysis, azathioprine administration infection and surgery on plasma GGTP levels was considered. The effect of these factors is shown in Tables 1 and 2 and considered below. In the tables a rise in GGTP activity is defined as a change in GGTP levels exceeding 30 i.u./1 persisting for more than 24 h. A change of this magnitude having been found to exceed normal day-to-day variation in serum enzyme activity. Where pre-transplant GGTP levels were not available, transplantation was considered to have resulted in a rise in GGTP if the enzyme was elevated at the initial determination. Effect of low urine outputUrine output was reduced for at least 48 h to between 500 and 1,000 ml/24 h on eight occasions in four patients. On only two occasions did GGTP elevation result. Urine output was reduced to less than 500 ml in nine patients, and a rise in plasma GGTP levels was observed in five of these. This rise, was, however, coincident with graft rejection in two patients and in the post-transplant period in a third. MATERIALS AND METHODSGGTP was determined by a method described in detail elsewhere (Rosalki et al., 1970) using L-yglutamyl-p-nitroanilide as substrate and glycylglycine as glutamyl group acceptor. The upper limit of normal of plasma GGTP activity is 60 i.u./1 at 37°C for males and 50 i.u./1 at 37°C for females.Fourteen renal transplant patients wereavailable for investigation, and these were followed for some three months following cadaveric renal transplantation. Plasma GGTP levels were determined on specimens obtained six days a week in the month following transplantation, and thereafter bi-weekly or at more frequent intervals depending on the clinical Transplant rejection state. Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase determinations (Reitman and Frankel, 1957) were carried out on many of the samples that showed raised GGTP levels. On some samples GGTP isoenzymes were examined after separation by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane. Isoenzymes were demonstrated by a staining procedure similar to that previously described for leucine aminopeptidase isoenzymes (Meade and Rosalki, 1964), but substituting y-...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma γ-glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity following Renal Transplantation

1970

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Section: Krankheiten Des Kardiovaskulären Systemsunclassified

“…Krankheitstage, ein Anstieg der -Glutamyltransferase gemessen werden, welcher einen Höhepunkt in der dritten Krankheitswoche erreicht, nach 6 Wochen aber noch nicht immer zur Norm zurückgekehrt ist (41,(135)(136)(137)(138)(139)(140)(141). Auf Grund experimenteller und klinischer Untersuchungen werden Kapillarendothelien, Leukocyten und Makrophagen im Reparationsgebiet des Herzmuskels für den -Glutamyltransferase-Anstieg verantwortlich gemacht (135,137,139). In eigenen Untersuchungen (l, 131 und weitere unveröffentlichte eigene Beobachtungen) konnten wir bei einigen Fällen akuter Koronarinsuffizienz mit oder ohne Herzmuskelihfarkt mäßige, aber flüchtige Erhöhungen der -Glutamyltransferase-Aktivität besonders in den ersten Tagen nach dem stattgefundenen Anfall messen.…”

Section: Krankheiten Des Kardiovaskulären Systemsunclassified

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1974

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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“…Elevated activities occur in all forms of hepatobiliary disease (Rosalki, 1975), but are particularly related to obstructive hepatobiliary disease where alkaline phosphatase activities are also raised (Ideo and Dioguardi, 1970). However, increased y-GT activity is also found in a variety of other diseases-for example, myocardial infarction (Hedworth-Whitty et al, 1967),neurological diseases (Ewen and Griffiths, 1973), and renal disease (Zein and Discombe, 1970); it is not certain whether this represents release of y-GT from these organs, or whether it occurs as a result of inapparent hepatic damage (Rosalki, 1975).…”

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confidence: 99%

Butanol Extraction of Serum and Urinary Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and its Application in Clinical Diagnosis

Beck

1978

Ann Clin Biochem

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Summary Gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) activity was measured in serum and urine before and after extraction with n-butanol. Residual γ-GT activity after extraction of normal serum with butanol was more than 75 %, whereas for normal urine the figure was less than 68 %. The loss of activity from urine was not affected by prior dialysis, and the stabilisation which resulted from adding bovine serum albumin at a concentration of 40 g/l did not approach the residual activity with normal serum. In patients with a variety of renal diseases, residual γ-GT activity in the urine after butanol extraction was inversely correlated with the creatinine clearance. Butanol extraction was performed on serum samples from 182 patients with a variety of diseases. Eighty-one per cent of patients with elevated γ-GT activities caused by hepatobiliary disease had an increased loss of activity after butanol extraction. By contrast, only 34 % of patients with increased γ-GT activities in whom there was no clinical or other biochemical evidence of hepatic disease, had increased loss of γ-GT activity after butanol. The reasons for differences between urinary and serum γ-GT in response to butanol, and the implications in interpreting serum γ-GT activities are discussed.

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Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in myocardial ischaemia.

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Plasma γ-glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity following Renal Transplantation

Plasma γ-glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity following Renal Transplantation

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Butanol Extraction of Serum and Urinary Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and its Application in Clinical Diagnosis

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