Serum Ghrelin, Insulin and Glucose Levels are Correlated in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background. The research evidence have suggested that ghrelin, a neuropeptide containing 28 amino acids, plays an important role in glucose homeostasis and its concentration is increased in diabetes.Objective. To investigate the relationship between the serum levels of ghrelin, insulin, fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and Methods. Fasting glucose, insulin, ghrelin and glycated hemoglobin were measured after a 12-14 hours overnight fasting in 48 adult males with type 2 diabeties. Pearson correlations were used to establish the relationship between ghrelin concentration and other variables. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. There were no correlations between serum ghrelin and Systolic and diastole blood pressure and body mass index (p<0.05). Serum ghrelin is weakly associated with glycated hemoglobin (p=0.076, R=0.19). Serum ghrelin concentrations were positively correlated with fasting glucose (p=0.005, R=0.40). In addition, ghrelin correlated negatively with serum insulin (p=0.013, r=-0.36).Conclusion. Our data demonstrate that high ghrelin concentration is accompanied with increase in blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients, and support this hypothesis that this neuropeptide plays a pathophysiological role in this disease.

Associations of ghrelin with eating behaviors, stress, metabolic factors, and telomere length among overweight and obese women: Preliminary evidence of attenuated ghrelin effects in obesity?

“…In terms of other actions of ghrelin, ghrelin has been associated with increased plasma glucose levels, decreased insulin and insulin resistance, and with lower blood pressure and heart rate (Broglio et al, 2001; Eizadi, Afsharmand, Behbudi, & Sohaily, 2011; Freeman, Carmo, Adi, & da Silva, 2013; Garcia & Korbonits, 2006; Okumura et al, 2002; Tong et al, 2010; Verhulst & Depoortere, 2012). Ghrelin may also have anti-aging effects as it reduces inflammation (Dixit et al, 2004) and regulates growth hormone secretion (Veldhuis & Keenan, 2012), which controls secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).…”

Anti-R Ghrelin Serum Stimulated the Plasma Acylated-Ghrelin, GH, and IGF-1 via CCK1 Receptor in Female Rats

“…It meant the anti-r-ghrelin serum weaked the gastric emptying via either the activation of acylated ghrelin/ GH secretion or the CCK 1 receptor. The CCK has also been found in inhibition of GI motility (7) and suppressed plasma total ghrelin, which affected the blood sugar and vessels (8) (20)(21). We still believed the CCK might have different influences between the active-and inactive-form ghrelin.…”

Association of Ghrelin Receptor and Inflammation in Peri-Atrial Adipose Tissue from Obese Patients with Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation

“…Ghrelin (GHRL), a gut peptide consisting of 28 amino acids, is the endogenous ligand of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a) (3). Extensive studies have demonstrated the omnipresence of ghrelin and its receptors in many peripheral organs including the brain, pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, intestine, adrenal gland, kidney, heart, and blood vessels (3)(4)(5). Moreover, the ghrelin and its receptor GHS-1Ra participate in the regulation of appetite, energy, body weight, lipid, and glucose metabolism, and exert protective effects by preventing chronic inflammation and antiapoptotic effect in lungs, kidneys, and heart (6).…”