Serum Haloperidol Levels of Schizophrenics Receiving Treatment for Tuberculosis

Takeda, Masatoshi; Nishinuma, Keiji; Yamashita, Shinji; Matsubayashi, T; Tanino, Shiro; Nishimura, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1097/00002826-198608000-00006

Cited by 24 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…To our knowledge, haloperidol pharmacokinetics has not been studied in the critically-ill population. We can, however, theorize about the expected changes to conventional pharmacokinetic parameters of haloperidol given our knowledge of physiologic changes in critical illness (see Table 2 for details) [28,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Haloperidol Pharmacokinetics and Effects Of Physiologic Chanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haloperidol Dosing Strategies in the Treatment of Delirium in the Critically-Ill

et al. 2011

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Delirium is the most common mental disturbance in critically-ill patients and results in significant morbidity and mortality. Haloperidol is a preferred agent for the treatment of delirium in this population because of its rapid onset of action and lack of hemodynamic effects. Despite its widespread use in the critical care setting, most of the relevant data are obtained from case series or extrapolated from non-critically-ill populations. This review provides an overview of haloperidol pharmacokinetics and a comprehensive summary of the evidence for various haloperidol dosing regimens in the treatment of delirium in critically-ill patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Medline, Embase, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts with "haloperidol", "delirium", "agitation", "critically-ill", and "intensive care" as keywords. Studies involving haloperidol for delirium prophylaxis, non-critical care settings, and terminally-ill subjects were excluded. Eleven studies were identified: four with intermittent IV haloperidol, four with continuous IV infusion haloperidol, two with oral/enteral haloperidol, and one with IM haloperidol. All of the case reports, case series, and descriptive studies have shown a benefit with haloperidol, but publication bias is likely present. Only three studies were controlled studies, but all had small sample sizes and methodological flaws. Randomized, double-blind, active-comparator trials of haloperidol with allocation concealment are needed. Subsequent research should focus on using validated delirium screening and assessment scales for more objective identification and measurement of delirium outcomes.

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Section: Haloperidol Pharmacokinetics and Effects Of Physiologic Chanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haloperidol Dosing Strategies in the Treatment of Delirium in the Critically-Ill

et al. 2011

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“…However, experiments on rats proved that in magnesium deficient ('MgD') diet, no significant alterations were observed as far as different phase I enzymes were studied, with only aniline metabolism reduced by 30%. A fourfold decrease in the MgD group was identified for a phase II enzyme, a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase [118].…”

Section: Dietary and Non-dietary Factors In Enzyme Induction And Inhimentioning

confidence: 99%