Serum immune complexes as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in lymphatic filariasis

Dixit, Vandana; Gupta, AK; Bisen, Prakash S.; Prasad, G. V. R.; Harinath, B. C.

doi:10.1002/jcla.20116

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Persons with lymphatic filarial infections and overt clinical disease exhibited significantly increased levels of antigen-specific ICs in their circulation than microfilaria carriers. 11 Similarly, levels of antigen-specific ICs were higher in infected persons with dermal onchocercal lesions than in persons without such clinical changes. 19 It was previously reported that patients with LF had decreased levels of CIC compared with uninfected controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…13 Similarly, antigen-specific IC levels were significantly increased in 90% of persons with LF and overt disease manifestations. 11 Another study associated high CIC levels with low levels of C3, suggesting the use of complement by IC 14 in LF. Significant use of complement through the alternative pathway has also been observed with intrauterine eggs of many filarial species, and with microfilaria of Brugia pahangi , B. malayi , and Litomosoides carinii .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported the existence of high levels of CIC in filarial infections; some have explored the utility of IC for the diagnosis of infection with W. bancrofti . 11 Levels of IC have also been shown to fluctuate after antifilarial therapy. 12 Other studies have shown CIC levels to be associated with fever and adenolymphangitis in patients with Bancroftian filariasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heightened Measures of Immune Complex and Complement Function and Immune Complex–Mediated Granulocyte Activation in Human Lymphatic Filariasis

Senbagavalli

Ray²,

Ramanathan³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The presence of circulating immune complexes (CICs) is a characteristic feature of human lymphatic filariasis. However, the role of CICs in modulating granulocyte function and complement functional activity in filarial infection is unknown. The levels of CICs in association with complement activation in clinically asymptomatic, filarial-infected patients (INF); filarial-infected patients with overt lymphatic pathologic changes (CPDT); and uninfected controls (EN) were examined. Significantly increased levels of CICs and enhanced functional efficiency of the classical and mannose-binding lectin pathways of the complement system was observed in INF compared with CPDT and EN. Polyethylene glycol–precipitated CICs from INF and CPDT induced significantly increased granulocyte activation compared with those from EN, determined by the increased production of neutrophil granular proteins and a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, CIC-mediated enhanced granulocyte activation and modulation of complement function are important features of filarial infection and disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heightened Measures of Immune Complex and Complement Function and Immune Complex–Mediated Granulocyte Activation in Human Lymphatic Filariasis

Senbagavalli

Ray²,

Ramanathan³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…155 Highly accurate and specific filarial antigen detection assays are already available for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti, both as immunochromatographic and EIA-like assays. 156,157 Taking advantage of the enormous potential of optical fibers for remote sensing, a fiber-optic immunosensor for filarial detection was developed, 39 with outputs given in 15 min with this scheme.…”

Section: Lymphatic Filariasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensors as rapid diagnostic tests for tropical diseases

Teles

Tavira

Fonseca

2010

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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Effective diagnosis of infectious pathogens is essential for disease identification and subsequent adequate treatment, to prevent drug resistance and to adopt suitable public health interventions for the prevention and control of epidemic outbreaks. Particular situations under which medical diagnostics operate in tropical environments make the use of new easy-to-use diagnostic tools the preferred (or even unique) option. These diagnostic tests and devices, usually based on biosensing methods, are being increasingly exploited as promising alternatives to classical, "heavy" lab instrumentation for clinical diagnosis, allowing simple, inexpensive and point-of-care testing. However, in many developing countries the lack of accessibility and affordability for many commercial diagnostic tests remains a major cause of high disease burden in such regions. We present a comprehensive overview about the problems of conventional medical diagnosis of infectious pathologies in tropical regions, while pointing out new methods and analytical tools for in-the-field and decentralized diagnosis of current major infectious tropical diseases. The review includes not only biosensor-based rapid diagnostic tests approved by regulatory entities and already commercialized, but also those at the early stages of research.

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“…Circulating antigen-specific soluble immune complexes have been shown to be useful in the differential diagnosis of filarial infection and in therapeutic monitoring (Dixit et al 2007). Wuchereria bancrofti (found in the tropics), Brugia malayi (south-east Asia) and Brugia timori (Indonesia) are the species causing infection in humans and are transmitted by mosquitoes carrying infected larvae.…”

Section: Filariasismentioning

confidence: 99%