Serum interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, nitric oxide and α1-antitrypsin in scorpion envenomed children

Meki, A.-R.M.A.; El-Dean, Zein

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00106-8

Cited by 77 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Increasing evidence suggests a causal relationship between overproduction of certain cytokines such as IL6 and both morbidity and mortality associated with critically-ill patients (13,29). We found a positive correlation between increased IL6 level and high levels of amylase in patients with moderate severe envenoming.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Significantly increased plasma levels were observed at 3, 6, and 12 hours after envenomation. Several studies have emphasized the relevance of proinflammatory mediators, including leukotrienes, prostaglandins, platelet activating factor, kinins, and Nitric Oxide in the pathophysiological manifestations of human and experimental scorpion envenomation (4,(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Plasma Cytokine Levels in Mesobuthus Eupeus (Scorpionida: Buthidae) Scorpion Envenomation in Rats Treated with Polyvalent Antivenom

Jalali

Mapar

2015

Jundishapur J Health Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that scorpion venom increases blood levels of some cytokines, including Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in experimental model of scorpion envenomation in laboratory animals. Objectives: This study aimed to measure circulating cytokines levels in rats after envenomation with Mesobuthus Eupeus scorpion and to compare the findings in rats treated with polyvalent antivenom to evaluate the role of routine treatment in scorpion envenomation. Materials and Methods: For the present research, the venom of Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion was extracted by electric shock and then intraperitoneally injected (1.5 mg/kg) into 2 groups (V: venom group and AV: antivenom group) of 36 Wistar rats each weighing 200 ± 10 g. Additional 36 rats were considered as control group (group C) and were intraperitoneally (ip) injected with 50 μL saline solution. Group AV were injected ip, with polyvalent antivenom 2.5 ml/kg, 30 minutes after envenomation. Heparinized blood samples were collected by heart puncture at different time periods (1,3,6,12,24, 48, and 72 hours) after venom injection for determination of the levels of plasma cytokines, including IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α by Ray Biotech specific ELISA kits for rats. Results: IL-1a, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased in 3 hours after envenomation in both groups (V and AV), but the intensity of increase in AV group was less than the other group, i.e. moderate elevation of cytokines occurred after treatment with polyvalent antivenom. At next time points, gradually decreasing amounts of cytokines were seen. Conclusions: Our data suggest that using polyvalent antivenom in short time after envenomation could reduce the inflammatory responses related to the systemic changes during the elevation of cytokines in scorpion envenomation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Plasma Cytokine Levels in Mesobuthus Eupeus (Scorpionida: Buthidae) Scorpion Envenomation in Rats Treated with Polyvalent Antivenom

Jalali

Mapar

2015

Jundishapur J Health Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…19 Although symptoms and clinical signs of scorpion envenoming are traditionally explained as the result of the massive release of catecholamines 20 or a direct effect of scorpion venom, 21,22 several studies have emphasized the relevance of pro-inflammatory mediators in the pathophysiological manifestations of human scorpion envenomation. [23][24][25][26] Cytokines are produced by immune and non-immune cells when challenged by various environmental or inflammatory insults and mediate almost all phases of the inflammatory process. 7,24,25,[27][28][29] In our study, the levels of inflammatory markers (cytokines) were not tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion Envenomation Among Children: Clinical Manifestations and Outcome (Analysis of 685 Cases)

Bahloul¹,

Chabchoub²,

Chaari³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our objective was to characterize both epidemiologically and clinically manifestations after severe scorpion envenomation and to define simple factors indicative of poor prognosis in children. We performed a retrospective study over 13 years (1990–2002) in the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital (Sfax-Tunisia). The diagnosis of scorpion envenomation was based on a history of scorpion sting. The medical records of 685 children aged less than 16 years who were admitted for a scorpion sting were analyzed. There were 558 patients (81.5%) in the grade III group (with cardiogenic shock and/or pulmonary edema or severe neurological manifestation [coma and/or convulsion]) and 127 patients (18.5%) in the grade II group (with systemic manifestations). In this study, 434 patients (63.4%) had a pulmonary edema, and 80 patients had a cardiogenic shock; neurological manifestations were observed in 580 patients (84.7%), 555 patients (81%) developed systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and 552 patients (80.6%) developed multi-organ failure. By the end of the stay in the ICU, evolution was marked by the death in 61 patients (8.9%). A multivariate analysis found the following factors to be correlated with a poor outcome: coma with Glasgow coma score ≤ 8/15 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3), pulmonary edema (OR = 2.3), and cardiogenic shock (OR = 1.7). In addition, a significant association was found between the development of SIRS and heart failure. Moreover, a temperature > 39°C was associated with the presence of pulmonary edema, with a sensitivity at 20.6%, a specificity at 94.4%, and a positive predictive value at 91.7%. Finally, blood sugar levels above 15 mmol/L were significantly associated with a heart failure. In children admitted for severe scorpion envenomation, coma with Glasgow coma score ≤ 8/15, pulmonary edema, and cardiogenic shock were associated with a poor outcome. The presence of SIRS, a temperature > 39°C, and blood sugar levels above 15 mmol/L were associated with heart failure.

show abstract

“…Regarding APE, available evidence strongly indicates a cardiogenic etiology (40) (41) (43) (44) (45) (50) (52) as described above, although it cannot be ruled out that non-cardiogenic factors may also contribute to this complication (8) (9) (10) (11) (53) . In general, APE develops within the fi rst hours after envenoming, possibly occurring during the fi rst 24h.…”

Section: Complications Of Scorpion Envenomingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical update on scorpion envenoming

Cupo

2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

110

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scorpion stings are currently the leading cause of venom-related injury to humans in Brazil and are a signifi cant public health problem globally. Only scorpions of the Tityus genus are of medical importance in Brazil, and Tityus serrulatus is responsible for the most serious envenomations and deaths. The toxic effects of scorpion envenomation are due to a massive release of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurotransmitters; the severity is related to cardiac and hemodynamic changes, with cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema contributing to the main causes of death. The pathophysiology of cardiac involvement has been discussed for decades and has been attributed to adrenergic discharge and a possible toxic effect of venom on the myocardium, while acute pulmonary edema may have a cardiogenic and/or non-cardiogenic origin. Currently, the clinical data point to catecholamine excess as the cause for reversible scorpion cardiomyopathy. These data include electrocardiographic changes, profi ling of cardiac enzymes and troponin I, echocardiographic data with global or regional left ventricle dysfunction, and myocardial perfusion alterations compatible with spasm in the coronary microcirculation. Furthermore, recent data on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging fi ndings, which are similar to those observed for stress-induced cardiomyopathy, have also been linked to catecholamine excess. The effi ciency of antivenom serum treatment is controversial in the literature. Our experience in Brazil is that the management of patients with systemic manifestations of scorpion stings is based on three approaches, all of which are extremely important. These include symptomatic treatment, antivenom serum, and cardiorespiratory support.

show abstract

Serum interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, nitric oxide and α1-antitrypsin in scorpion envenomed children

Cited by 77 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of Plasma Cytokine Levels in Mesobuthus Eupeus (Scorpionida: Buthidae) Scorpion Envenomation in Rats Treated with Polyvalent Antivenom

Evaluation of Plasma Cytokine Levels in Mesobuthus Eupeus (Scorpionida: Buthidae) Scorpion Envenomation in Rats Treated with Polyvalent Antivenom

Scorpion Envenomation Among Children: Clinical Manifestations and Outcome (Analysis of 685 Cases)

Clinical update on scorpion envenoming

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About