Serum leptin concentration in a rural African population

Iputo, JE; Robinson, Daniel M.; Mguni, M.

doi:10.4314/eamj.v78i9.8981

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In a recent study of adolescents in Korea, mean male and female leptin levels were six and four times higher, respectively, than their Cebu counterparts (Park et al, 2004). Although the Cebu findings were similar to the few subsistence-level populations for which data are available (Zimmet et al, 1998;Bribiescas, 2001Bribiescas, , 2005Iputo et al, 2001;Moore et al, 2004), the leptin values documented here stand out as among the lowest ever recorded in a healthy sample, and help illustrate the great range of leptin variability across human populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Leptin in a lean population of Filipino adolescents

Kuzawa¹,

Quinn²,

Adair³

2007

American J Phys Anthropol

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To clarify the role of leptin as a signal of energy status in humans, this study investigated the relationship of leptin to measures of body composition, maturity, and lifestyle factors in a lean sample of 293 male and 303 female Filipino adolescents (age 14-16 years). Participants were selected from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey, a representative birth cohort study begun in 1983. Using IOTF criteria, the prevalence of overweight (2.2%) and obesity (0.3%) were extremely low, and leptin levels were among the lowest reported in any healthy population (mean: 0.78 and 3.57 ng/dl in males and females). As expected, adiposity was the strongest predictor of leptin, with triceps skinfold explaining 40.2 and 30.6% of leptin variance in males and females. In females, subscapular skinfold was a significant predictor of leptin independent of triceps, while no anthropometric measure predicted leptin independent of triceps in males. There were few relationships between lifestyle factors and leptin independent of adiposity. In males, leptin levels varied little across most of the triceps distribution, suggesting that the leptin-adipose regulatory system is sensitive to very small changes in leptin in lean populations, at least among males. These findings add to the small but growing list of studies documenting differences in leptin biology among chronically lean populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Leptin in a lean population of Filipino adolescents

Kuzawa¹,

Quinn²,

Adair³

2007

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…24 Inhabitants of the Pacific island of Kitava had lower leptin levels than whites, 25 whereas subjects of south Asian origin seem to have a higher leptin level than whites or Chinese. 26,27 In subjects of African origin, the information is not conclusive since studies showing higher leptin than in other ethnic groups 24 or no differf f ence 28,29 have been published. To further explore whethf f er differences exist in leptin levels in Arabs with and without diabetes, we assessed leptin levels in obese and nonfobese Arabs with type 2 diabetes and in obese and nonfobese normal control Arabs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serum leptin and its relationship with metabolic variables in Arabs with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Al-Shoumer¹,

Al-Asousi²,

Doi³

et al. 2008

Ann Saudi Med

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESMost studies on serum leptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus have focused on white populations. We studied serum leptin concentrations and parameters related to glycemic control and the association between leptin levels and anthropometric and metabolic factors in Arab patients with type 2 diabetes and in Arab control subjects.SUBJECTS AND METHODSNinety-two patients (65 females and 27 males) with type 2 diabetes and 69 matched normal control subjects (48 females and 21 males) were included. Anthropometric measures (including body mass index [BMI] and waist:hip ratio) were assessed in all subjects. After an overnight fast, blood was collected for serum leptin assay. Other metabolic parameters including glucose, insulin, C-peptide, intact proinsulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), lipids and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were determined.RESULTSFasting serum leptin levels, IGF-1 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were similar in patients with type 2 diabetes and control subjects. When obese subjects (BMI ≤30 kg/m2) were analyzed separately, serum levels of leptin were significantly lower in patients compared to controls. In contrast, patients had higher fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, intact proinsulin, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, and a larger waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio than controls. Serum leptin correlated positively with BMI, negatively with waist-to-hip ratio, and demonstrated no relationship to other parameters.CONCLUSIONPatients with type 2 diabetes in an Arab ethnic population showed evidence of an unfavorable metabolic profile despite having leptin levels similar to controls. Obesity influences serum leptin levels more significantly in type 2 diabetes, in which leptin levels tends to be low.

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“…Women had higher leptin levels than men, confirming previous findings. 50,51 On the other hand, previous contradictory results have been found regarding ethnic differences in leptin levels. 52,53 Our results show that Africans have higher leptin levels than Caucasians, but it is noteworthy that the African group also recorded a higher BMI than their Caucasian counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid cross-sectional wall area is significantly associated with serum leptin levels, independent of body mass index: the SABPA study

et al. 2012

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Hypertension and obesity are serious health burdens in sub-Saharan Africa. Urbanized Africans seem to be more susceptible to the development of these diseases than Caucasians. Current research suggests that leptin may be an important contributor to the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate leptin levels and their associations with cardiovascular function in urbanized Africans and Caucasians. Serum leptin, ambulatory blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness were measured, and the cross-sectional wall area (CSWA) was calculated. The results showed that Africans had higher leptin levels (Po0.001), ambulatory blood pressure (Po0.001), carotid intima-media thickness (Po0.01) and CSWA (Po0.01) than Caucasians. As we found no interaction between ethnicity and gender for the association between leptin and the cardiovascular variables, we focused mainly on the total group of Africans and Caucasians. In single, partial and multiple regression analyses, positive associations of ambulatory systolic blood pressure (b ¼ 0.256; Po0.001), diastolic blood pressure (b ¼ 0.143; P ¼ 0.012), pulse pressure (b ¼ 0.327; Po0.001) and CSWA (b ¼ 0.107; P ¼ 0.038) with leptin were observed. Even after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), the association between CSWA (b ¼ 0.107; P ¼ 0.038) and leptin remained. Our findings therefore suggest that leptin may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, independent of BMI.

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Serum leptin concentration in a rural African population

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Leptin in a lean population of Filipino adolescents

Leptin in a lean population of Filipino adolescents

Serum leptin and its relationship with metabolic variables in Arabs with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Carotid cross-sectional wall area is significantly associated with serum leptin levels, independent of body mass index: the SABPA study

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