Serum level of interleukin-15 in active alopecia areata patients and its relation to age, sex, and disease severity

Ragab, Mohamed; Hassan, Ekram M.; Niely, Dalia Abd El Moaty El; Mohamed, Mai Mahmoud

doi:10.5114/ada.2020.102103

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This was found to be true, in contrast to [15], who did not find a significant difference between the serum levels of patients and the healthy control group. The IL15 serum levels are significantly greater in the ill group than in the control group (P= 0.001), according to the findings of the earlier studies [16] and these findings were consistent with those of the current investigation. A recent study [12] that found that serum levels of IL-15 were significantly higher in patients with AA and revealed a strong positive link with the severity and activity of the disease supports the findings of this investigation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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An autoimmune condition known as Alopecia areata (AA) affects the hair follicles and any part of the body with hair that results in patches of noncicatricial hair loss. This study was designed to investigate the role of IL-15 as inflammatory marker and determine the correlation of IL 15 with progression of Alopecia areata. This study was done at the dermatology private clinic. Case study included (45 clinically diagnosed patients and 45 healthy controls); with age ranges of 5-59 years old from different geographic areas in Iraq. IL-15 and was done by using ELISA. The results showed that the age group (21-30) years old have a high percentage 33.3% of male and age group < 10 years old have a high percentage 30.3% of female patients with no significant levels P> 0.05. The concentration of IL15 in Alopecia patients vs. the healthy persons have a slightly elevated according to control group, with high significant relation (P< 0.05). This study concludes that the circulating levels of IL-15 marker were elevated in patients with AA.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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“…These results agreed with those of Ragab et al's study in 2020 [ 13 ]. Aşkın et al's study in 2021 [ 14 ] and Salem et al's study in 2019 [ 15 ] concluded that the level of IL-15 with AA were significantly higher in the case of control groups ( P < 0.001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Even though autoimmune diseases are generally related to the gender of patients, no gender ascendancy is seen in AA ( P =0.9). Likewise, it has been shown that there was no association between IL-15 level and patients age, ( P =0.14), recurrence of disease, or history of AA in the same family of the patient ( P > 0.05) [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-15 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Iraqi Patients with Alopecia Areata

Kamil,

Abdullah,

Zalzala

2023

Dermatology Research and Practice

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Background. Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of noncicatricial hair loss of unknown cause, affecting 0.1-0.2% of the general population. Most evidence supports the hypothesis that it is disease of the hair follicle of autoimmune nature mediated by T-cells, with important cytokine role. Objective of the Study. The objective of this study is to study the association and changes in serum levels of interleukin-15 (IL-15) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with AA in relation to the type, activity, and disease duration. Patients and Methods. Thirty-eight patients with AA and 22 individuals without the disease as controls were enrolled in this case-controlled study conducted in the Department of Dermatology in the Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and Baghdad Medical City, Iraq, during a period from the 1st of April 2021 to the 1st of December 2021. Serum concentrations of IL-15 and TNF-α assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. The mean serum concentration values for IL-15 and TNF-α were higher significantly in patients with AA than in controls (2.35 versus 0.35 pg/mL and 50.11 versus 20.92 pg/mL, respectively). IL-15 and TNF-α showed no statistically significant differences in level in terms of the type, duration, and activity of the disease, but TNF-α significantly higher in those with totalis-type than in other types. Conclusion. Both IL-15 and TNF-α are markers for alopecia areata. The level for these biomarkers was not affected by duration or disease activity, but it was affected by the type of disease, as the concentrations of IL-15 and TNF-α were higher in patient with Alopecia totalis than in other types of Alopecia.

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“…This in turn may lead to activation of autoreactive CD8 + T cells via presentation of HF autoantigens, represented potentially by trichohyalin peptides (33) and other autoantigens, by MHC class I molecules (39). IFN-g also stimulates the production of IL-2 and IL-15; activated CD8 + T cells stimulated by IL-15 further mediate IFN-g secretion via the JAK/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway (36), specifically through JAK1/JAK3 signaling (79,80).…”

Section: Ifn-g-il-15 Positive Feedback Loop and The Jak/stat Pathway ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of T-cell activity in alopecia areata: recent developments and new directions

Passeron,

King,

Seneschal

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease that has a complex underlying immunopathogenesis characterized by nonscarring hair loss ranging from small bald patches to complete loss of scalp, face, and/or body hair. Although the etiopathogenesis of AA has not yet been fully characterized, immune privilege collapse at the hair follicle (HF) followed by T-cell receptor recognition of exposed HF autoantigens by autoreactive cytotoxic CD8+ T cells is now understood to play a central role. Few treatment options are available, with the Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor baricitinib (2022) and the selective JAK3/tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (TEC) inhibitor ritlecitinib (2023) being the only US Food and Drug Administration–approved systemic medications thus far for severe AA. Several other treatments are used off-label with limited efficacy and/or suboptimal safety and tolerability. With an increased understanding of the T-cell–mediated autoimmune and inflammatory pathogenesis of AA, additional therapeutic pathways beyond JAK inhibition are currently under investigation for the development of AA therapies. This narrative review presents a detailed overview about the role of T cells and T-cell–signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of AA, with a focus on those pathways targeted by drugs in clinical development for the treatment of AA. A detailed summary of new drugs targeting these pathways with expert commentary on future directions for AA drug development and the importance of targeting multiple T-cell–signaling pathways is also provided in this review.

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Serum level of interleukin-15 in active alopecia areata patients and its relation to age, sex, and disease severity

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

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Interleukin-15 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Iraqi Patients with Alopecia Areata

Inhibition of T-cell activity in alopecia areata: recent developments and new directions

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