Serum Level of Interleukin 8 Is Elevated in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Indicates Disease Activity

Abstract

It has been shown that interleukin 8 (IL-8) is increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and there is increasing evidence that it is involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. To date, no data are available as to whether IL-8 is elevated in sera of IPF patients. We obtained sera from 42 patients with IPF and 20 healthy controls at time of BAL. From 20 of 42 patients with IPF and 12 of 20 controls BALF was available, enabling us to measure IL-8 in serum and BALF of the same time point. IL-8 was significantly elevated in serum (54.7 +/- 7.5 pg/ml, p < 0.0001) and BALF (715.7 +/- 112.4 pg/ml, p < 0.0001) of patients with IPF compared with controls (IL-8 in serum, 5.2 +/- 0.8 pg/ml; IL-8 in BALF, 67.3 +/- 9.7 pg/ml). We observed a significant positive correlation between IL-8 levels in BALF and percentage of BALF neutrophils (p < 0.001) and between serum IL-8 and BALF IL-8 levels (p < 0.005) in patients with IPF. Consequently, the serum IL-8 level correlated positively with the percentage of BAL neutrophils (p < 0.01), indicating that it may reflect the degree of neutrophilic alveolitis in IPF. Furthermore, the serum IL-8 level showed a negative correlation with important indicators of impairment of lung function (DL(CO), TLC, VC) and PaO2. In conclusion, we were able to demonstrate that the degree of neutrophilic alveolitis in IPF is reflected by increased serum levels of IL-8 and we suggest that the serological assessment of IL-8 may provide a useful parameter for clinicians in monitoring patients with IPF.

Exacerbation of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias Associated with Lung Cancer Therapy

“…Co mp a r i s o n o f L a b o r a t o r y Da t a b e f o r e I n i t i a l Ch e mo t h e r a p y f o r L u n g Ca n c e r b (24), and 7 out of 45 patients (15.6%) by Hanibuchi (25). In this present study, the incidence of acute exacerbation and acute exacerbation-related mortality were 22 (33,34). In addition, Anscher et al reported that high serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta were associated with an increased incidence of pulmonary fibrosis after chemotherapy (35).…”

Evaluation of chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2, serotonin, and vascular endothelial growth factor serum concentrations in healthy dogs from seven breeds with variable predisposition for canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

“…Effects of age and gender on serum CCL2 and CXCL8 concentrations were not significant. In humans, both CXCL8 and CCL2 concentrations were found to be increased in blood (Ziegenhagen et al, 1998a;Suga et al, 1999;Fujiwara et al, 2012) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (Capelli et al, 2005;Antoniou et al, 2006;Baran et al, 2007) of IPF patients compared with healthy volunteers and correlated with lung function (Capelli et al, 2005;Emad and Emad, 2007;Martina et al, 2009;Vasakova et al, 2009), disease progression (Ziegenhagen et al, 1998b;Totani et al, 2002), and outcome (Shinoda et al, 2009;Richards et al, 2012). Furthermore, several studies suggested an involvement of the chemokine CCL2 in the pathogenesis of IPF, notably through its action on resident pulmonary fibroblast and circulating fibrocytes, promoting the generation of abundant extracellular matrix in the lungs (Gharaee-Kermani et al, 1996;Phillips et al, 2004;Moore et al, 2005;Inomata et al, 2014).…”

Peripheral blood neutrophils are hyperresponsive to IL-8 and Gro-α in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis

“…A number of neutrophil chemotactic mediators have been demonstrated in blood and BALF of patients with CFA, including interleukin (IL)-8 [3], leukotriene receptor (LT)B 4 [4], and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) [5]. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of lung damage [6] and remodelling, either though enhanced neutrophil recruitment from the pulmonary vascular bed and subsequent oxidantinduced cytotoxicity [7], or in the case of IL-8, via the additional mechanism of regulation of angiogenesis [8], a key component of the fibrotic response. In another model of neutrophilic inflammatory disease, Crohn9s disease, peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) demonstrate increased polarization in the bloodstream [9] and increased chemotactic response to IL-8.…”