Serum levels of cancer antigen 125 before hormone replacement therapy are not associated with clinical outcome of frozen embryo transfer in women with adenomyosis

Abstract

Aim This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels before hormone replacement therapy on pregnancy outcomes in women with adenomyosis undergoing frozen embryo transfer. Methods A total of 509 women with adenomyosis were screened and 84 patients receiving a total of 114 cycles of frozen embryo transfer were included, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into two groups based on their CA125 levels (≤ or >35 IU/mL) before hormone replacement therapy. The basic characteristics and main outcomes of the two groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve and subgroup analyses were also conducted. Results There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer cycles in patients with different serum CA125 levels before hormone replacement therapy. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that CA125 levels before hormone replacement therapy were not predictive of clinical pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions Serum CA125 levels before hormone replacement therapy are not associated with the clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer among women with adenomyosis.

In vitro fertilization outcomes In infertile women with adenomyosis

“…In this study, the mean CA-125 concentration in the pregnant group and the non-pregnant group did not differ, with p > 0.05. According to a study by Ling Huang (2021) conducted on 84 infertile patients with adenomyosis, there was no association between CA-125 levels and pregnancy outcomes [20]. Similarly, KE Fish (2004) also found that CA-125 levels had no value in predicting pregnancy outcomes (AUC = 0.63) [21].…”

Serum CA125 as a biomarker for dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis

“…[2][3][4][5][6] However, there is no accepted biomarker, related to inflammatory mediators, for strategy decision in adenomyosis. 7 CA125 is a high macromolecule glycoprotein, increasingly secreting from the embryonic coelomic epithelium to serum by peritoneal irritation or peritoneal stretch in an inflammatory microenviroment. 8 CA125 is best known as a marker of epithelial ovarian cancer; nevertheless, CA125 levels can also be elevated in a number of relatively benign gynecologic conditions, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids.…”

“…Furthermore, the distribution and quantification of CA125 in the mechanism of dysmenorrhea is not clear. 7 We retrospectively analyzed the data from a cohort of patients before focused ultrasound ablation surgery (FUAS), aiming to explore the association between CA125 and dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis, to validate the cut-point of CA125 of 35 U/mL for dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis, and to investigate the factors contributing to the elevated CA125 level in adenomyosis.…”

“…Previous studies have noted that inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α, β (TNF‐α, β), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and IL‐18, are aberrantly expressed in the endometrium of adenomyotic patients, promoting inflammation by activation of the NF‐κB pathway 2–6 . However, there is no accepted biomarker, related to inflammatory mediators, for strategy decision in adenomyosis 7 …”

“…However, only a few earlier studies have focused on the association between CA125 and dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis. Furthermore, the distribution and quantification of CA125 in the mechanism of dysmenorrhea is not clear 7 …”