Serum Levels of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 in Relation to Depression Scores in Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Background: High interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum level was responsible in inflammatory regulation through the interaction within macrophage, glial melatonin production and regulation of methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and influenced neuro-inflammation process, thus, it increased the risk of depression. The aim of this study was to determine whether high interleukin-6 serum level increased the risk of depression in geriatrics. Methods: A case control was performed as the design of this study. Geriatric populations with depression enrolled as the case group and without depression as control group. Assessment of IL-6 serum level was conducted by the patient's venous blood. The IL-6 serum> 10 pg/ ml was categorized as high.

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“…20 Meyer et al (2011) obtained the same result, in which IL-6 induced depression, but this study's population was cardiovascular patients.…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

High Interleukin-6 Level Increases Depression Risk on Geriatric Population in Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia

Purnamasidhi

Kuswardhani

2016

Bali Med J.

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“…In contrast, the performance of both platforms was sufficiently consistent for IL-8, IL-10, TNF and VEGF, although there was a general advantage for V-PLEX® technology. Importantly, these factors have shown promise as biomarkers for MDE (Carvalho et al, 2015;Meyer et al, 2011;Young et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to: Measuring blood cytokines in biological psychiatry using commercially available multiplex immunoassays

Belzeaux

Lefebvre

Lazzari

et al. 2017

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Cytokines produced by both immune and non-immune cells are likely to play roles in the development and/or progression of psychiatric disorders. Indeed, many investigators have compared the blood cytokine levels in psychiatric patients with those of healthy controls or monitored their levels in patients during disease progression to identify biomarkers. Nevertheless, very few studies have confirmed that such cytokines remain stable in healthy individuals through periods of weeks and months. This is an important issue to consider before using blood cytokine levels as biomarkers of disease traits, disease state, or treatment response. Although multiplex assay technology represents an advance in identifying biomarkers because it allows simultaneous examination of large panels of analytes from a small volume of sample, it is necessary to verify whether these assays yield enough sensitivity and reproducibility when applied to the blood from neuropsychiatric patients. Therefore, we compared two multiplex immunoassays, the bead-based Luminex® (Bio-Rad) and the electro-chemiluminescence-based V-plex® (MesoScaleDiscovery), for the detection and quantification of 31 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in both the sera and plasma of patients with major depressive episodes (MDE) and age-and sex-matched healthy control subjects during a 30-week period. Although both platforms exhibited low coefficients of variability (CV) between the duplicates in the calibration curves, the linearity was better in general for the V-PLEX® platform. However, neither platform was able to detect the absolute values for all of the tested analytes. Among the 16 analytes that were detected by both assays, the intra-assay reproducibility was in general better with the V-PLEX® platform. Although it is not a general rule that the results from sera and plasma will be correlated, consistent results were more frequent with the V-PLEX® platform. Furthermore, the V-PLEX® results were more consistent with the gold standard ELISA simplex assay for IL-6 in both sera and plasma. The intra-individual variability of the measurements, among the sera and plasma for the 4 samples harvested from each healthy individual, was low for Eotaxin, G-CSF, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-15, MIP-1β, PDGF-BB, TNF, TNF-β and VEGF, but intermediate or high for IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IP10. Together, these data suggest that extreme caution is needed in translating the results of multiplex cytokine profiling into biomarker discovery in psychiatry. Dear Editor,We thank you and the Editor in chief, Robert Dantzer, for reaching the conclusion to ultimately publish our manuscript. Following your suggestion, we changed the tiltle to: "How to: Measuring blood cytokines in biological psychiatry using commercially available multiplex immunoassays".We were concerned by the persistent negative comments of Reviewer#3, stressing out that our comparison between the two platforms we have worked with suffers a number of theoretical and technical limitations because...

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“…Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with cardiovascular disease. In a study of out-patients presenting with cardiovascular risk factors, elevated IL-6 serum concentration was linked to the presence of depressive mood [72].…”

Section: Il-6 In Physical Diseases Associated With Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Interleukin-6 in Depressive Disorder

Ting

Yang

Tsai

2020

IJMS

250

152

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Major depressive disorder (MDD), which is a leading psychiatric illness across the world, severely affects quality of life and causes an increased incidence of suicide. Evidence from animal as well as clinical studies have indicated that increased peripheral or central cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels play an important role in stress reaction and depressive disorder, especially physical disorders comorbid with depression. Increased release of IL-6 in MDD has been found to be a factor associated with MDD prognosis and therapeutic response, and may affect a wide range of depressive symptomatology. However, study results of the IL6 genetic effects in MDD are controversial. Increased IL-6 activity may cause depression through activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or influence of the neurotransmitter metabolism. The important role of neuroinflammation in MDD pathogenesis has created a new perspective that the combining of blood IL-6 and other depression-related cytokine levels may help to classify MDD biological subtypes, which may allow physicians to identify the optimal treatment for MDD patients. To modulate the IL-6 activity by IL-6-related agents, current antidepressive agents, herb medication, pre-/probiotics or non-pharmacological interventions may hold great promise for the MDD patients with inflammatory features.

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Serum Levels of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 in Relation to Depression Scores in Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Cited by 24 publications

References 60 publications

High Interleukin-6 Level Increases Depression Risk on Geriatric Population in Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia

High Interleukin-6 Level Increases Depression Risk on Geriatric Population in Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia

How to: Measuring blood cytokines in biological psychiatry using commercially available multiplex immunoassays

Role of Interleukin-6 in Depressive Disorder

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