Serum levels of interleukin-8 and gut-associated biomarkers in diagnosing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Diagnostic Value of Intestinal Fatty-Acid-Binding Protein in Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…There was one repetitive study [11]. Fourteen measured up to the criteria and were included [2,[5][6][7][8][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. One hundred and thirty-five were excluded because they were animal studies, review articles, or irrelevant to the current study (Fig.…”

“…Table 1 shows the characteristics of included studies with the optimal cut-off point values identified in the individual studies. They were conducted in Germany [6], USA [8,12,14,18,20], UK [13,19], Netherlands [5,7,16], Turkey [17], China [15] and Austria [2]. Eleven were finished in the past 5 y [2,5,7,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

“…In order to detect NEC early in preterms with high risk, several biomarkers were investigated in the past decades, including markers of epithelial damage, smooth muscle injures, inflammation and pathogen invasion. Fatty-acid-binding proteins (FABP) comprise a group of cytoplasmic small molecular mass proteins (14)(15) with high organ sensitivity [2]. Intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (i-FABP) constitutes up to 2% of the cytoplasmic protein content of the mature enterocyte [3].…”

Current Research on the Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

“…They showed that IL-8 is a suitable marker for preoperative risk assessment, that IL-8 levels obtained within 6 h prior to surgery correlate with the actual intraoperative disease extent [20], and that high levels correlate with 60-day mortality [21]. Interestingly, although IL-8 is in theory non-specific, whereas I-FABP, as discussed above, is specific for the gut, IL-8 may in fact be a better marker than I-FABP [22]. IL-8 is a routine test in some hospitals so, unlike many laboratory-based biomarkers, it might prove to be clinically useful, although precise cutoffs and criteria for intervention must be developed.…”

Bloodstream infections during the onset of necrotizing enterocolitis and their relation with the pro-inflammatory response, gut wall integrity and severity of disease in NEC

“…The activation of gut-wall associated macrophages by intraluminal bacteria or their products results in an exaggerated activation of the pro-inflammatory cascade in NEC, causing excessive IL-8 production [5]. The overwhelming activation of the pro-inflammatory cascade could explain why there is an association of IL-8 with disease severity and gut-wall barrier dysfunction [20,21], but cannot explain an association of IL-8 levels with the occurrence of concomitant BSIs in neonates with NEC. Despite its association with disease severity and disease outcome, our data did not show any associations between IL-8 and the incidence of BSIs during the onset of NEC.…”