Serum levels of Th2 chemokines, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27, were the important markers of severity in infantile atopic dermatitis

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is considered to be Th2 cell-mediated disorder. In most infants with AD, AD may be induced by food allergy. In the early stage of infantile AD, it is unclear whether there are changes in serum Th2 chemokines or in Th2 chemokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Thirty-four patients with AD were examined (mean age, 4.5 months; female:male, 18:16). Ten age-matched infants with no history of allergic disease were used as controls. Thirty of these 34 patients were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA; radioallergrosolvent score of >2). Serum levels of CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 were measured with enzyme-linked immunosolvent assay (ELISA) kits and their correlation with the severity of skin lesions, defined by the scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index, was analyzed. The amounts of TNF-alpha, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 in the culture supernatants of PBMC from OVA-sensitized AD infants after stimulation with OVA were estimated with ELISA kits. Elevated serum CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 levels significantly correlated with SCORAD index (r = 0.7181, p < 0.001; r = 0.5354, p < 0.005; r = 0.8312, p < 0.0001, respectively). CCL22 levels produced by PBMC from OVA-sensitized infants with AD reflected serum CCL22 levels. Only six of 30 OVA-sensitized patients in whom the skin signs increased immediately after OVA intake showed markedly high titers of TNF-alpha produced by PBMC after stimulation with OVA. These high TNF-alpha titers correlated significantly with serum CCL27 levels (r = 0.7181, p < 0.001). Serum concentrations of CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 correlate well with the extent and intensity of AD in infants. Of the three Th2 chemokines examined, serum CCL27 correlated most significantly with the severity of AD. Thus, the peripheral immune responses of infantile AD patients are skewed to a Th2 dominant bias.

High Cord Blood Levels of the T-Helper 2-Associated Chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 Precede Allergy Development During the First 6 Years of Life

“…Elevated serum levels of the IL-4-and IL-13-induced chemokines CCL11, CCL17, CCL18, and CCL22 (9 -12) have previously been associated with allergic manifestations, in particular AD (13)(14)(15). The amplification of the allergic response is partly driven by CCL17 and CCL22 because they attract CCR4 receptor expressing Th2 lymphocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes to the site of inflammation (16).…”

Therapeutic effects of recombinantSalmonella typhimuriumharboring CCL22 miRNA on atopic dermatitis-like skin in mice

“…CCL22 levels were significantly elevated and were correlated with the severity of disease in atopic patients (Nakazato et al, 2008). The imbalance in serum CCL22 concentrations contributes to AD development (Narbutt et al, 2009).…”

Advances in Assessing the Severity of Atopic Dermatitis

“…Leung et al, 2003;Mostafa et al, 2008;Nagy et al, 2011;Song et al, 2006;Sohn et al, 2004;Kakinuma et al, 2002Kakinuma et al, ,2008Jahnz-Rozyk et al, 2005;Hijnen et al, 2004;Kakinuma et al, 2001). Among the Th2 chemokines, serum CCL27 correlated most significantly with the severity of AD (Nakazato et al, 2008).The research by Miyahara et al showed that increased level of CCL17 in umbilical cord serum of neonates destined to develop AD in infancy (Miyahara et al, 2011).But another research indicated that the serum level of CCL17 and IL-18 were decreased, and CXCL12 and CCL27 increased in kids younger than 10 years old. In childhood AD of over 10 years old, serum concentration of CXCL12, CCL17, CCL22 was higher (Toda et al, 2003).There are many research results confirmed that the increased CCL28 level in the serum of AD patients and correlated positively to the severity scores (Jahnz-Rozyk et al, 2005; T.F.…”