Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Li, Honghua; Yue, Xiaojing; Wang, Chengxin; Feng, Junyan; Wang, Bing; Jia, Fei‐Yong

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.599958

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Vitamins A and D have recently emerged as micronutrients relevant to ADHD, since serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol were linked with this disorder after adjustment for age, Body Mass Index (BMI), season of blood sampling, and sun exposure, and this co-deficiency was associated with symptom severity [ 55 ]. A meta-analysis of five case-control studies found that lower vitamin D status is significantly associated with the likelihood of ADHD (OR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.09–6.04), and the meta-analysis of prospective studies conducted in 4137 participants indicated that perinatal suboptimal vitamin D concentrations are significantly associated with a higher risk of ADHD in later life (RR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.09–1.81) [ 56 ].…”

Section: Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even taking a more microscopic look at a nutrient-based level, children with ADHD have reduced plasma levels of important brain function trace elements, such as zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, and selenium [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. In addition, vitamins A and D and PUFAs have emerged as nutrients to take into consideration in this disorder [ 55 , 57 ].…”

Section: Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting ~7% of children and adolescents. Given its adverse health outcomes and high healthcare and societal costs, other treatment options beyond pharmacotherapy have been explored. Case-control studies have shown that dietary patterns may influence the risk of ADHD, and specific dietary interventions have been proposed as coadjuvant treatments in this disorder. These include nutritional supplements, gut microbiome-targeted interventions with biotics, and elimination diets. The purpose of this review is to examine which dietary patterns are most associated with ADHD and to summarize the existing evidence for the clinical use of dietary interventions. The literature showed that non-healthy dietary patterns were positively associated with ADHD, whereas healthy patterns were negatively associated. As for nutritional supplements, only vitamin D and vitamin D + magnesium appeared to improve ADHD symptoms when baseline levels of vitamin D were insufficient/deficient. Regarding biotics, evidence was only found for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and for multi-species probiotic supplementation. Elimination diets have scarce evidence and lead to nutritional deficiencies, so caution is advised. Overall, more robust scientific evidence is required for these dietary interventions to be implemented as part of ADHD therapy.

show abstract

Section: Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, the role of vitamin D (25(OH)D) serum level in comorbid TD + ADHD is unclear, although observational studies and a meta-analysis revealed a lower level in a clinically significant proportion (about 50%) of children with ADHD [ 76 , 77 , 78 ]. For clarification of transdiagnostic aspects, Bond et al [ 79 ] investigated 25(OH)D in three groups (TD, n = 327; first degree relatives with tics, n = 31; first degree relatives without tics, n = 93).…”

Section: Level “Abnormal Brain Conditions”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Occurrence of Tic Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—Does It Reflect a Common Neurobiological Background?

Rothenberger

Heinrich

2022

Biomedicines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The co-existence of tic disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (TD + ADHD) has proven to be highly important in daily clinical practice. The factor ADHD is not only associated with further comorbidities, but also has a long-term negative psychosocial effect, while the factor TD is usually less disturbing for the major part of the patients. It remains unclear how far this is related to a different neurobiological background of the associated disorders or whether TD + ADHD reflects a common one. Objective: This review provides an update on the neurobiological background of TD + ADHD in order to better understand and treat this clinical problem, while clarifying whether an additive model of TD + ADHD holds true and should be used as a basis for further clinical recommendations. Method: A comprehensive research of the literature was conducted and analyzed, including existing clinical guidelines for both TD and ADHD. Besides genetical and environmental risk factors, brain structure and functions, neurophysiological processes and neurotransmitter systems were reviewed. Results: Only a limited number of empirical studies on the neurobiological background of TD and ADHD have taken the peculiarity of co-existing TD + ADHD into consideration, and even less studies have used a 2 × 2 factorial design in order to disentangle the impact/effects of the factors of TD versus those of ADHD. Nevertheless, the assumption that TD + ADHD can best be seen as an additive model at all levels of investigation was strengthened, although some overlap of more general, disorder non-specific aspects seem to exist. Conclusion: Beyond stress-related transdiagnostic aspects, separate specific disturbances in certain neuronal circuits may lead to disorder-related symptoms inducing TD + ADHD in an additive way. Hence, within a classificatory categorical framework, the dimensional aspects of multilevel diagnostic-profiling seem to be a helpful precondition for personalized decisions on counselling and disorder-specific treatment in TD + ADHD.

show abstract

“…The exact etiology of ADHD remains unclear. Polygene mutation, micronutrient imbalance, intestinal flora disorder, serotonin (5-HT) and catecholaminergic signaling pathway abnormalities have been confirmed to be related to the onset of ADHD, [5][6][7][8] but a unified pathogenesis theory has not yet been formed; therefore, it is particularly critical to study the mechanism of ADHD as a whole and as a system. At present, domestic and foreign scholars have used drugs (methylphenidate, tomoxetine, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 25 hydroxyvitamin D on attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD

Yang,

Yuan,

Qiu

et al. 2023

Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: To observe the serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] in healthy school-age children and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to analyze the effects of serum 25 (OH) D on the symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD. Methods: According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD in children, 80 healthy children aged 6 years or less than 10 years old and children diagnosed with ADHD in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Physical Examination of our hospital were randomly selected as research subjects. The serum 25 (OH) D level, attention deficit hyperactivity (Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV [SNAP-IV] parental version) score and Conners child behavior (PSQ) index were observed and compared between the 2 groups. In addition, the children with ADHD whose serum 25 (OH) D was lower than normal were treated with supplemental VitD3, and the changes in serum 25 (OH) D, SNAP-IV parental score and PSQ index of ADHD children were observed and compared. Results: Serum 25(OH)D was insufficient or deficient in 26 healthy children, but the SNAP-IV score and PSQ index were normal. Serum 25(OH)D was lower than normal in 69 patients in the ADHD group, which was negatively correlated with SNAP-IV score (r = −0.3479, P = .0034) and negatively correlated with PSQ index (r = −0.3566, P = .0026). After vitamin D3 (VitD3) supplementation in 69 children with serum 25(OH)D levels lower than the normal ADHD group, it was found that the SNAP-IV score (r = −0.4654, P = .0037) and PSQ index (r = −0.5680, P = .0002) of 34 children with ADHD were negatively correlated with the increase in serum 25(OH)D. The SNAP-IV score and PSQ index of the other 35 children with ADHD showed no correlation with the increase in serum 25 (OH) D (P > .05). Conclusion subsections: Serum 25(OH)D levels lower than normal are more common in school-age children, and levels lower than normal are not the key pathogenic factor of ADHD in school-age children, but serum 25(OH)D levels lower than normal may be the upregulation factor of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder expression in some school-age children with ADHD. The lower level of serum 25(OH)D may be closely related to the severity of ADHD symptoms in some children.

show abstract

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Co-Occurrence of Tic Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—Does It Reflect a Common Neurobiological Background?

Effect of 25 hydroxyvitamin D on attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About