Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Haemostatic Factors in Healthy Subjects: The Tromsø Study

Abstract

Background: Receptors for vitamin D have been found in various tissues, including the vascular endothelium. The role of vitamin D in the haemostatic process is uncertain, but in vitro studies may indicate a pro-fibrinolytic effect. Methods: Two hundred and six subjects (105 males) were included in the study. The relations between indices of calcium metabolism and haemostatic factors [tissue plasminogen activator antigen (tPA Ag), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), prothrombin fragment 1+2, activated factor VII and total factor VII coagulant activity] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) were examined. Results: There were significant and negative correlations between serum 25(OH) vitamin D and PAI-1 and tPA Ag, and between serum 1,25(OH)₂ vitamin D and tPA Ag and HS-CRP. In a multiple linear regression model with age, gender, body mass index and smoking status as covariables, only the relation between 25(OH) vitamin D and tPA Ag was significant. There were no significant relations between any of the haemostatic factors tested and serum parathyroid hormone. Conclusion: It appears that the serum level of vitamin D is related to fibrinolytic activity and to the integrity of the vascular endothelium, but the clinical importance of this observation remains to be determined.

Relationships between Vitamin D Status and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Young European Adults

“…High PAI-1 concentrations are an independent risk factor for recurrence of a heart attack before the age of 45 years [36], and 1,25(OH) 2 D reduces PAI-1 concentrations in vascular and smooth muscle cells [37,38]. Our study showed a trend for the highest PAI-1 concentrations among subjects in the lowest third of vitamin D status, which is in agreement with the results of Jorde et al [39] who suggested a role for vitamin D in fibrinolysis and maintenance of the integrity of the vascular endothelium. Although we observed no association between s25(OH)D concentration and IL-6, we did observe a positive association between iPTH and IL-6.…”

Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome: Is There a Link?

“…Overall, the relationship between leptin and vitamin D and its clinical importance warrant further research. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels have been shown to correlate negatively with 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 concentration in healthy individuals [330], a finding supporting the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D. However, vitamin D supplementation did not alter hsCRP or cytokine levels [330,331].…”

Focus on Vitamin D, Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes

“…Observational studies have generated conflicting results. Some cross-sectional studies indicate that hypovitaminosis D is associated with higher serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP), in healthy [38,39,40,41] and in obese subjects [42], while others could not confirm these findings [43,44,45,46]. Given the observational design, cross-sectional studies cannot prove causality or fully discount residual confounding by unmeasured variations.…”