Serum Lipid Oxidative Stress Products as Risk Factors Are the Candidate Predictive Biomarkers for Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Abstract

This research was designed to determine the association of serum lipid peroxidation products with disease severity in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). In total, 76 pairs of AAA cases as well as matched controls were enrolled in our research using propensity score matching (PSM). And their malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid hydroperoxide (LPO), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were also detected through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, the relative clinical data of enrolled participants were extracted. The serum biomarker concentrations were measured in 76 patients with AAAs (diameter between 30 and 54 mm, n = 54; diameter ≥55 mm, n = 22) and 76 control patients from observational cohort study. After PSM adjustment for clinical variables, including age, gender, heart ratio, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and stroke, the serum MDA and LPO among AAA cases were remarkably increased compared with those from the normal patients. Inversely, serum GSH-Px was significantly decreased in patients with AAA compared to the control group. Besides, the serum levels of MDA and LPO were independently associated with AAA risk. Typically, there was significantly positive correlation between MDA level and LPO level (R = 0.358) but negative correlation of MDA level with GSH-Px (R = -0.203) level in patients with AAA. Meanwhile, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.965 when MDA was used to diagnose AAA, and the optimal threshold value was 0.242 nmol/mL. Moreover, serum MDA level was significantly increased in cases with rupture AAA compared to those in selective AAA cases. Logistic regression analysis suggested that a higher serum MDA level indicated an elevated risk of AAA rupture (odds ratio = 2.536; 95% CI: 1.037-6.203; P =0.041). Our present findings suggest that serum peroxidation contents were evidently changed among AAA cases. Serum MDA and LPO concentrations could be used to predict disease severity in patients with AAA. Moreover, serum MDA may serve as the candidate biomarker for diagnosis of AAA and accurate identification of increased risks of AAA rupture.

T lymphocyte-derived extracellular vesicles aggravate abdominal aortic aneurysm by promoting macrophage lipid peroxidation and migration via pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2

“…Oxidative stress is related to the AAA severity [ 50 ]. Serum peroxidation contents are found to differ among AAA cases, and the concentration of lipid peroxidation products can be used to predict disease severity and serve as a candidate biomarker for the diagnosis and accurate identification of increased risks of AAA rupture in patients [ 10 ]. Human aneurysmal abdominal aortic levels of lipid peroxidation are also determined [ 51 ].…”

“…Under oxidative stress, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids and cholesterol esters in the cellular membrane and lipoproteins can be readily oxidized to form a complex mixture of oxidation products [ 9 ]. The association of serum lipid peroxidation products with disease severity in AAA patients has been determined [ 10 ]. Additionally, iron is involved in the pathophysiology of AAA through oxidative stress [ 11 ], and the presence of lipids and iron-containing deposits in macrophages was confirmed in the human aneurysmal aortic wall [ 12 ].…”

Studies Related to Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in the Past 10 Years (2011-2020): A Bibliometric Analysis

“…New research methods like geometric-biomechanical [ 51 ] and computational mathematics models [ 52 ] are also involved, which can be used to predict AAA rupture, including the assessment of elastic and fluid characteristics, and may provide some value for AAA growth and rupture. In addition, proteins related to oxidative stress such as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B, trefoil factor 3, and serum malondialdehyde are potential candidate biomarkers for AAA diagnosis, rupture risk, and prognostic identification [ 53 , 54 ]. These biomarkers and their mechanisms may represent future drug therapeutic targets for AAA.…”

Vitamin C injection improves antioxidant stress capacity through regulating blood metabolism in post-transit yak

“…Thus, it seems plausible that the VC injection reduced in ammation status through the regulation of oxidative stress in yak after transportation. Both LPO and MDA are biomarkers of lipid peroxidation [37]. MDA is the nal product of lipid peroxidation and can cause cell damage [38].…”