Serum lnterleukin-6 in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients

Zemel, Désirée; Berge, R.J.M. ten; Koomen, G. C. M.; Struijk, D. G.; Krediet, R. T.

doi:10.1159/000187340

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The main cytokines present in CAPD are summarized in Some authors described serum IL-6 levels in CAPD patients as being similar to healthy individuals [50,59], In a study performed in our own population we measured higher IL-6 bioactivitv in patients treated for more than 4 years compared to those treated for less than I year [60]. This can perhaps be explained by the loss of residual renal function, consistent with results obtained in hemodialysis patients [61].…”

Section: Cytokines In Peritoneal Effluentsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cytokine Patterns in the Effluent of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Relationship to Peritoneal Permeability

Zemel

Krediet²

1996

Blood Purif

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Cytokines are pluripotent pleiotropic agents that have received widespread attention over the last few years. Not surprisingly, they have also been studied in the context of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Cytokines play a central role in this treatment modality for uremic patients, because these inflammatory mediators act upon the biological dialysis membrane, i.e. the peritoneum, while simultaneously they participate in host defense mechansims. This review describes which cytokines are present in dialysate, whether there is support for intraperitoneal release, and under which circumstances. It focuses particularly on the relationship between cytokines in peritoneal effluent and peritoneal permeability to macromolecules. In addition, the presence of prostanoids in dialysate and their role in the local regulation of peritoneal permeability are discussed, because cyclooxygenase products are tightly linked to cytokine networks.

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Section: Cytokines In Peritoneal Effluentsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cytokine Patterns in the Effluent of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Relationship to Peritoneal Permeability

Zemel

Krediet²

1996

Blood Purif

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“…Concentrations of serum IL-6 were significantly lower (almost normal) in our patients than in previously published studies (3.7-21.9 pg/mL) [19,21]. A possible reason for this could be the presence of RRF in all studied patients.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Influence of local inflammation of the peritoneal membrane on diuresis and residual renal function in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis

et al. 2011

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The aim of this study was to investigate the connection between local inflammation of the peritoneal membrane and diuresis, as well as the residual renal function (RRF) in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Twenty patients treated with CAPD participated in this cross-sectional study. To determine the influence of local inflammation of the peritoneal membrane, effluent interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) levels were measured. The level of IL-6, in the group as a whole, was significantly higher in effluent (7.87 pg/mL) than in serum (1.29 pg/mL). There was a significant correlation between effluent and serum IL-6 (r = 0.608; P = 0.002). There was also a significant relationship between effluent and serum IL-6 and duration of CAPD treatment, respectively (r = 0.577; P = 0.004; r = 0.528; P = 0.008). Further, there was a significant negative correlation between effluent IL-6 and daily diuresis (r = -0.533; P = 0.008), but there was no significant correlation between effluent IL-6 and RRF (r = -0.339, P = 0.072). On the other hand, the concentrations of effluent IL-6 were significantly higher in patients with RRF <2 mL/min than in those with RRF ≥2 mL/min (P = 0.039). In conclusion, local inflammation has a significant impact on the amount of diuresis and probably on RRF in patients on CAPD.

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“…This suggests that CKD per se may be the most important cause of elevated serum proinflammatory cytokines. However, other studies suggest a more important impact of dialysis duration on the chronic inflammatory state (37,38). In-deed, the deterioration of renal function has been associated with a significant increase in serum cytokine levels in CKD patients, and creatinine clearance correlates with the circulating levels of various cytokines and their soluble receptors in patients with varying degrees of renal failure (8,39).…”

Section: Potential Causes Of Systemic Inflammation In the Pd Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Inflammation in Peritoneal Dialysis: The Search for the Holy Grail?

et al. 2004

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Mortality and morbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are unacceptably high. The annual mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is approximately 9%, which, for the middle-aged person, is at least 10- to 20-fold higher than for the general population. Classic risk factors for CVD are highly prevalent in CKD patients, but they cannot fully account for the excessive rate of CVD in this population. Instead, it has become increasingly clear that nontraditional risk factors, such as systemic inflammation, may play a key role in the development of atherosclerosis. It is well established that inflammatory markers are very powerful predictors of high CVD morbidity and mortality not only in the general population, but particularly in CKD patients. Signs of a sustained low-grade inflammation, such as increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), are present in the majority of stage 5 CKD patients, even in patients in clinically stable condition, and they are also commonly observed after the initiation of dialysis therapy. Dialysis therapy — hemodialysis as well as peritoneal dialysis (PD) — may itself contribute to systemic inflammation. Local intraperitoneal inflammation can also occur in patients treated with PD. These local effects may result in a low-grade inflammation, caused by the bioincompatibility of conventional glucose-based dialysis fluids, to intense inflammation associated with peritonitis. Given these circumstances, it is reasonable to hypothesize that strategies aiming to reduce inflammation are potentially important and novel, and could serve to reduce CVD, thereby lowering morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. In this review we provide information supporting the hypothesis that systemic inflammation is tightly linked to the most common complications of CKD patients, in particular those on PD, and that local inflammation in PD may contribute to various related complications. The aims of this review are to discuss the reasons that make inflammation an attractive target for intervention in CKD, the particular aspects of the inflammation–CVD axis during PD treatment that are likely involved, and possible means for the detection and management of chronic inflammation in PD patients.

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Serum lnterleukin-6 in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Cytokine Patterns in the Effluent of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Relationship to Peritoneal Permeability

Cytokine Patterns in the Effluent of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Relationship to Peritoneal Permeability

Influence of local inflammation of the peritoneal membrane on diuresis and residual renal function in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis

Chronic Inflammation in Peritoneal Dialysis: The Search for the Holy Grail?

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