Serum magnesium levels in chronic kidney disease patients

Abstract

Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of life-threatening nature presenting with deterioration in kidney function which is both irreversible and progressive. It is characterized by progressive incapability of the kidneys to filter the excretory products of blood consequently necessitating dialysis to prevent azotemia, end-organ damage, and ultimately death. The role of the kidneys in the homeostasis of magnesium and conservation of this neglection ion’s concentration in blood is undeniable. The objective of the present study was to estimate serum magnesium in CKD subjects and healthy control groups. Material and Methods: Serum creatinine, eGFR, Serum magnesium was assesed in 37 CKD patients and 43 healthy controls. Results: The serum creatinine levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in cases (2.4 ± 0.88 [mg/dL]) when compared to healthy controls (0.85 ± 0.1 [mg/dL]) [Table 1]. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula and was 31.2 ± 12.1 mL/min in cases and 85.67 ± 13.1 mL/min in controls and they were significantly different (P < 0.001). Serum magnesium was 2.02 ± 0.36 mg/dL in cases and 2.01 ± 0.17 mg/dL in controls. Conclusion: The overall distribution showed a trend of hypomagnesemia in CKD patients but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.877). In our study, though statistically trivial, we found a trend toward hypomagnesemia in CKD patients when compared to controls. The lack of significance could be because the CKD patients were not grouped according to stages. A larger study with proper categorization and exclusion can provide us with better insights into magnesium dynamics in CKD patients.

Prevalence of dysmagnesemia among CKD patients in North India

“…Similar results were observed by Kotha et al in the south Indian population with an overall prevalence of 21.6% hypomagnesemia and 10.8% hypermagnesemia in CKD patients. 11 The authors discovered mean serum magnesium as 2.02 ± 0.36 mg/dL in study patients and 2.01 ± 0.17 mg/dL in controls of their study population, which was not statistically significant. 11 Oka et al, found that hypomagnesemia was one of the most prevalent dyselectrolytemia (imbalance in the required amount of electrolytes, such as calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium in the blood) among CKD patients, which was almost 15% even in stages G4 and G5.…”

“…11 The authors discovered mean serum magnesium as 2.02 ± 0.36 mg/dL in study patients and 2.01 ± 0.17 mg/dL in controls of their study population, which was not statistically significant. 11 Oka et al, found that hypomagnesemia was one of the most prevalent dyselectrolytemia (imbalance in the required amount of electrolytes, such as calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium in the blood) among CKD patients, which was almost 15% even in stages G4 and G5. 12 Similar results were discovered by Sakaguchi et al, with hypomagnesemia to be a common electrolyte disorder in pre-dialysis CKD patients.…”