Serum microRNA signatures and metabolomics have high diagnostic value in colorectal cancer using two novel methods

Abstract

Recently, many new diagnostic biomarkers have been developed for colorectal cancer. We chose 2 methods with high diagnostic efficiency, the detection of serum microRNA and metabolomics based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and aimed to establish appropriate models. We reviewed the diagnostic value of all microRNA identified by previous diagnostic tests. We selected appropriate microRNA to validate their diagnostic efficiency, and determined the optimal combination. We included 85 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and 78 healthy controls (HC) and detected the expression of the microRNA. GC/MS analysis was conducted, and we used 3 multivariate statistical methods to establish diagnostic models. The concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) were detected for comparison with the novel models. Ultimately, 62 published studies and 63 microRNA were included in this review. MiR‐21, miR‐29a, miR‐92a, miR‐125b and miR‐223 were selected to further validate their diagnostic value. The serum levels of the 5 microRNA in CRC patients were significantly higher than those in the HC. The combination of miR‐21, miR‐29a, miR‐92a and miR‐125b had the highest area under the curve (AUC) at 0.952, with a sensitivity of 84.7% and a specificity of 98.7%. The GC/MS analysis exhibited an excellent diagnostic value and the AUC reached 1.0. With regard to traditional biomarkers, the AUC of CEA and CA19‐9 were 0.808 and 0.705, respectively. The application prospects are good for microRNA and metabolomics as new diagnostic methods because of their high diagnostic value compared with traditional biomarkers.

Circulating miR‐338‐5p is a potential diagnostic biomarker in colorectal cancer

“…[19][20][21] Among the single diagnostic biomarkers of CRC, miR-139-3p has the highest AUROC (0.994). 22,23 MiR-338-5p has been reported to be dysregulated in several cancers. [9][10][11] Using miRNA microarrays, researchers have found that miR-338-5p is upregulated in CRC tissues.…”

“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) nucleotides) single-strand, non-coding RNA molecules that are evolutionarily conserved across species and regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. 4 MiRNAs play important roles in multiple biological processes, including cell development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.…”

A negative‐doughnut distal resection margin less than 5 mm does not affect prognosis in rectal cancer

“…Another limitation was that the overall survival of colorectal cancer patients in our hospital is relatively higher when compared with the national data. 13,14 This can be attributed to two reasons. First, our hospital is one of the leading cancer hospitals in China, the standard of care and the competence of our physicians can be assured.…”

Integrated analyses of microRNA-29 family and the related combination biomarkers demonstrate their widespread influence on risk, recurrence, metastasis and survival outcome in colorectal cancer

“…Using the described searching strategy above, a total of 297 articles were initially retrieved out of the selected databases. After manually screening the titles, abstracts and keywords and then checking the full texts, 9 articles involving 10 studies for individual miR-29 and 5 articles containing 6 studies for miRNA combination markers based on miR-29 that met the inclusion norm were finally selected for the diagnostic meta-analysis while six publications including eight studies evaluating the survival outcome were identified eligible in the prognostic meta-analysis [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Moreover, three studies assessed the roles of miR-29 and miRNA combination markers in the recurrence prediction of CRC and one study evaluated the biomarker role in the metastasis prediction in CRC [40][41][42][43].…”