Serum neopterin levels in patients with brucellosis

Akbulut, Handan; Çelik, İ̇lhami; Akbulut, Ayhan; Yuce, Pinar; Kılıç, Selim

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2004.10.015

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar to human serology biomarkers for diagnosis, animals in the current study exhibited microagglutination and increased anti-Brucella IgG, anti-Brucella IgM, neopterin, and CRP titers postchallenge (1,4,5,19). These biomarkers, which are regularly used in the clinic to confirm human brucellosis, can be used in future NHP studies as diagnostic triggers for treatment and to evaluate the efficacy of a potential vaccine or therapeutic agent in a treatment study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

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Pathophysiology of the Rhesus Macaque Model for Inhalational Brucellosis

et al. 2012

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The objective of this study was to characterize the rhesus macaque (RM) as a model for inhalational brucellosis in support of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Animal Rule. The pathophysiology of chronic Brucella melitensis aerosol infection was monitored in two phases that each occurred over an 8-week time period; dose escalation (8 RMs; targeted doses of 5.0E؉03, 5.0E؉04, or 5.0E؉05 CFU/animal or the unchallenged control) and natural history (12 RMs; targeted dose of 2.50E؉05 CFU/ animal or the unchallenged control). RMs given an aerosol challenge with B. melitensis developed undulating fevers (6/6 phase I; 8/9 phase II), positive enriched blood cultures (5/10; phase II), and bacterial burdens in tissues starting 14 to 21 days postchallenge (6/6 phase I; 10/10 phase II). In addition, 80% (8/10; phase II) of infected RMs seroconverted 14 to 21 days postchallenge. RMs developed elevations in certain liver enzymes and had an increased inflammatory response by 3 weeks postchallenge as shown by increases in C-reactive protein (6/8) and neopterin (4/8), which correlated with the onset of a fever. As early as 14 days postchallenge, positive liver biopsy specimens were detected (2/8), and ultrasound imaging showed the development of splenomegaly. Finally, histopathologic examination found lesions attributed to Brucella infection in the liver, kidney, lung, and/or spleen of all animals. The disease progression observed with the RMs in this study is analogous to human brucellosis pathophysiology. Thus, the results from this study support the use of the RM as an animal model for inhalational brucellosis to evaluate the efficacy of novel vaccines and therapeutics against B. melitensis. Brucella is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that includes certain species that can cause disease in animals and humans. Brucella melitensis, one of the major species of Brucella, is an etiologic agent for brucellosis. This highly infectious pathogen can infect animals and humans, and it is considered to be one of the most severe human pathogens in the Brucella genus (25). Humans are usually infected following contact with infected animals or ingestion of contaminated milk, milk products, and meat. In addition, brucellosis is one of the most common laboratory-acquired infections, as well as the most common zoonosis (11). While B. melitensis is not typically considered a lethal pathogen in humans (less than 5% fatality rate), it can cause significant disease. Human brucellosis presents as a prolonged febrile illness with flu-like symptoms, such as night sweats, headache, depression, and arthritis. Chronic illness can lead to meningitis and endocarditis. In addition, relapses can occur, even with antibiotic treatment (13). Notably, humans can remain asymptomatic for weeks, months, or even years while infected with this pathogen (3).Brucella species are considered potential biological warfare agents due to their high infectivity, ability to debilitate infected people, and the persistent nature of human disease. In addition, Brucella i...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…A series of serological assays, which are used clinically for diagnosis of human brucellosis (1,(4)(5)(6)19), were evaluated for each animal in phase II of this study. These immunoassays included microagglutination, antiBrucella IgG, and anti-Brucella IgM ELISAs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of the Rhesus Macaque Model for Inhalational Brucellosis

et al. 2012

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“…Neopterin level was significantly elevated in the patients with brucellosis (37,70±4,61 nmol/L). In similar studies in our country, NPT levels were found to be higher in patients with brucellosis when compared with the healthy control subjects and it has been suggested that monitoring NPT can be beneficial in monitoring the treatment response [2,8,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…On the other hand, to make a diagnosis especially in the chronic illness settings, is not easy and laboratory findings cannot be beneficial at every time [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Between Serum Neopterin, Procalcitonin, High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Concentrations and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rates of Patients with Brucellosis and Extracellular Bacterial Infections.

Günal¹,

Barut²,

Söğüt³

et al. 2014

Turk J Bioch

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate neopterin (NPT), procalcitonin (PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in brucellosis and to compare them with extracellular bacterial infections. Methods: In the study, a total of 89 patients, 50 patients (study group) with acute brucellosis and 39 patients with extracellular bacterial infections (EI group), were included. In EI group, 21 patients had upper urinary tract infection (UTI) while 18 patients had skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI). As well as the appropriate clinic, the patients with positive blood cultures for Brucella spp. or Standard Tube Agglutination test ≥1/160 were diagnosed with brucellosis. Brucellosis and EI groups were compared in terms of ESR, NPT, PCT and hs-CRP. Results: In study group mean age was 40.64±1.86 (18-66) and in EI group mean age was 51.61±2.68 (18-82). After comparison analysis; ESR (16.5±1.75 vs 40.17±4.52 mm/h, p=0.0001) and hs-CRP (40±8 vs 280±30 mg/L, p=00001) were found lower in the study group than EI group while there was no difference between groups in terms of PCT (p=0.887) and NPT (p=0.688). Additionally, PCT values were higher in patients with UTI than SSTI. Conclusion: It was seen that NPT and PCT values in brucellosis were not different from extracellular bacterial infections, whereas higher ESR and hs-CRP values could be seen in patients with extracellular bacterial infections. Also, higher PCT values could be seen in patients with urinary tract infections compared to patients with skin and soft tissue infections. Key words: Brucellosis, neopterin, procalcitonin, High-sensitivity C-reactive protein Conflict of Interest: We declare that there is no conflict of interest. ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bruselloz da neopterin (NPT), prokalsitonin (PCT), eritrosit sedimenatasyon hızı (ESR) ve yüksek duyarlılıklı C-reaktif protein (hs-CRP) düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve bunları ekstrasellüler bakteriyel enfeksiyonlarla (EI) karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmamıza akut brusellozu olan 50 hasta (çalışma grubu) ve ekstrasellüler bakteriyel enfeksiyonu olan 39 hasta (EI grup), toplamda 89 hasta dahil edildi. EI gruptaki 21 hastada üriner sistem enfeksiyonu (UTI), 18 hastada ise deri ve yumuşak doku enfeksiyonu vardı (SSTI). Uygun kliniğin yanında brusella yönünden pozitif kan kültürü olan veya Standart Tüp Aglütinasyon testi ≥1/160 olan hastalara bruselloz tanısı konuldu. Bruselloz ve EI grupları ESR, NPT, PCT ve hs-CRP açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda ortalama yaş 40. 64±1.86 (18-66) iken EI grubunda 51.61±2.68 (18-82) idi. Karşılaştırma analizi sonrası PCT ve NPT açısından çalışma ve EI grupları arasında fark bulunamazken, ESR (16.5±1.75 yerine 40.17±4.52 mm/h, p=0.0001) ve hs-CRP (40±8 yerine 280±30 mg/L, p=0.0001) şeklinde çalışma grubunda EI grubuna göre daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Ek olarak PCT değerleri UTI olan hastalarda SSTI olanlara göre daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Brusellozdaki NPT ve PCT değerlerinin ekstrasellüler bakte...

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“…In as study conducted on brucellosis patients, Akbulut et al reported an amelioration of serum NPT values which were found to be significantly higher before treatment (35 (11,36). Moreover, increased ChT levels are also reported in thalassemia, malaria and systemic candidiasis (36,37 (Fig.…”

Section: F I G U R E 5 De Mo N S T R a T I O N O F T H E D I F F E mentioning

confidence: 91%