Serum paraoxonase activity and lipid parameters in the early postpartum period of dairy cows

We investigated the measurement of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), as a potential marker of redox state changes in dairy cows, its involvement in lipid metabolism and compared it with superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity changes. We also evaluated lipid metabolism parameters associated with dairy production. PON1 paraoxonase and arylesterase acitvities, SOD activity, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), uric acid (UA), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were measured in Holstein-Friesian, Polish Red and Norwegian breeds serum in two production cycles. Our data showed a significant postpartum depletion in PON1 activity and lipoprotein and lipid products concentrations, with elevated BHB values. However, there were no significant changes in SOD activity and uric acid concentrations in Holstein-Friesian and Polish Red breeds after calving. At lactation peak there was a significant SOD activity decrease correlated with standardized PON1 activity depletion in all examined breeds. The results suggest that PON1 might be a better parameter for minimal redox state changes in serum, shortly after labour in the examined breeds.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and lipid metabolism parameters changes in different production cycle periods of Holstein-Friesian, Polish Red and Norwegian breeds

Kulka¹,

Kołodziejska-Lesisz²,

Kluciński³

2016

“…Other authors have also reported a similar tendency (Turk et al 2004, Darul and Kruczyńska 2005, Miyamoto et al 2006. Turk et al (2005) suggested that the concentration of total cholesterol in cow blood at the end of pregnancy is lower than earlier in pregnancy, due to increased demands of the fetus and increased maternal steroid hormone production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…According to Turk et al (2004Turk et al ( , 2005 and Uchida et al (1993) the higher TG concentration in blood before parturition might be connected with a decreased TG catabolism and increased TG synthesis. The authors reported that, at the end of pregnancy, acetate produced in the rumen was not fully utilized by the mammary gland and thus its uptake by the liver for TG synthesis was increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in lipid metabolism during last month of pregnancy and first two months of lactation in primiparous cows – analysis of apolipoprotein expression pattern and changes in concentration of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides

Kurpińska¹,

Jarosz²,

Ożgo³

et al. 2015

The final weeks of pregnancy and period of increasing lactation abound with adaptive changes in the intensity of metabolic processes. Maintaining the homeostasis of an organism in prepartum and postpartum periods is the key condition in maintaining the health of the mother and the fetus/calf. The aim of the study was to analyze physiological changes in lipid metabolism in cows during the last month of first pregnancy and in the first two months of lactation, based on the expression of identified apolipoproteins and changes in selected parameters of the lipid metabolism in peripheral blood plasma. Statistically significant changes in the expression of identified apolipoproteins were observed for apolipoprotein A-1 precursor, apolipoprotein A-IV precursor, apolipoprotein E precursor and apolipoprotein J precursor. The lowest expression of the apolipoproteins was noted around parturition and higher expression was observed during the final weeks of pregnancy and during lactation. Tendencies of changes in the concentration of total cholesterol, HDL and LDL were similar in blood plasma from analyzed cows -in the last month of pregnancy a decrease was observed and subsequently an increase in the first two months of lactation was noted. In contrast to abrupt changes observed for total cholesterol, HDL and LDL, changes in concentration of triglycerides were not that extensive and during lactation this parameter was rather stable. Evaluation of changes in the analyzed parameters may contribute to a better understanding of the changes in lipid metabolism occurring in the body of pregnant and lactating young cows.

“…This conversion via LCAT leads to HDL core formation (Gan et al 1991). Serum PON1 activity significantly decreases shortly after parturition in comparison to non-pregnant cows (Turk et al 2004) and its depletion is seen in dairy cow fatty liver syndrome (Farid et al 2013).…”

Section: Pon1 Changes In Transition Periodmentioning

confidence: 92%

A review of paraoxonase 1 properties and diagnostic applications

Kulka¹

2016

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an arylesterase associated with serum high density lipoprotein particles. Its name is derived from hydrolyzing one of several organophosphate compounds, namely paraoxon. Recent studies have shown that PON1 plays a protective role in diseases associated with oxidative stress such as atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Studies have demonstrated reduction-oxidative state changes involving PON1 in humans and laboratory animal models. Although there is less information about the role of this enzyme in veterinary medicine, new data suggest that PON1 might be a new oxidative stress marker in animal patients, similarly to humans.