Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men. Establishment of age-specific reference ranges

Öesterling, Joseph E.

doi:10.1001/jama.270.7.860

Cited by 719 publications

(559 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

483

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The average annual increase was 2.66%, which was significantly lower than the average annual increase of 3.20% observed by Oesterling et al [14]. The age-specific PSA reference range for each age group in this study was also significantly lower than those observed by Oesterling et al [14] ( Table 1). This difference was relatively small for the 40-49-year-old age group (2.15 vs. 2.50), but gradually increased with age and was greatest for the 70-79-yearold age group (5.37 vs. 6.50).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…The upper level of PSA in each agerelated group was the 95th percentile value, and the lower level was set at 0 ng mL −1 . Table 1 compares the 95th percentiles with those in the study of Oesterling et al [14]. Table 2 compares the 95th percentile of each age group in this study with data from Korean [15], Japanese [16,17] and Asian Americans npg [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Although systematic studies with large samples are lacking in China, some reports performed in other Asian countries such as Korea and Japan suggest that serum PSA levels in Asian people are lower than in other ethnic groups. Therefore, the age-specific PSA reference ranges of Oesterling et al [14] might be too high for Chinese males and are thus not applicable. The current study sought to determine optimal age-specific PSA reference ranges for Chinese men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This difference was relatively small for the 40-49-year-old age group (2.15 vs. 2.50), but gradually increased with age and was greatest for the 70-79-yearold age group (5.37 vs. 6.50). It is therefore likely that the current commonly adopted (in China) age-specific PSA reference range of Oesterling et al [14] might cause errors in PC screening by increasing specificity and decreasing sensitivity. This error would be especially obvious in the 70-79-year-old age group if serum PSA > 6.5 ng mL −1 is used as the criterion for prostate biopsy for the 70-79 age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Age-specific PSA reference ranges in Chinese men without prostate cancer

Liu¹,

Sun²,

Xu³

et al. 2008

Asian J Androl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study is to determine age-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA) distributions in Chinese men without prostate cancer (PC) and to recommend reference ranges for this population after comparison with other studies. From September 2003 to December 2006, 9 374 adult men aged from 18 to 96 years agreed to participate in the study. After all cases of PC were excluded, 8 422 adult men participated in statistical analysis and were divided into five age groups. Simple descriptive statistical analyses were carried out and quartiles and 95th percentiles were calculated for each age group. The age-specific PSA reference ranges are as follows: 40-49 years, 2.15 ng mL -1 ; 50-59 years, 3.20 ng mL -1 ; 60-69 years, 4.10 ng mL -1 ; 70-79 years, 5.37 ng mL -1 . The results indicate that the ethnic differences in PSA levels are obvious. The currently adopted Oesterling's age-specific PSA reference ranges are not appropriate for Chinese men. The reference ranges of this study should be more suitable to Chinese men.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Age-specific PSA reference ranges in Chinese men without prostate cancer

Liu¹,

Sun²,

Xu³

et al. 2008

Asian J Androl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 It has been recognized that age, race, BPH, prostate size and prostatitis can influence PSA levels. 5,6 Epidemiological studies have also shown that PSA can be affected by several heath characteristics including obesity, diabetes and certain medications such as NSAIDs, statins and thiazide diuretics. [7][8][9] Scant data exist on the association between smoking and PSA levels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Smoking Status, and Free, Total and Percent Free Prostate Specific Antigen

Thompson

Joseph

et al. 2012

Journal of Urology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose-There are scant data available on the relationship between smoking and total prostate specific antigen, free prostate specific antigen and percent-free prostate specific antigen. Given the high prevalence of smoking and the frequency of prostate specific antigen screening, it is important to determine any association between smoking and prostate specific antigen values using nationally representative data.Materials and Methods-Included in the final study population were 3,820 men 40 years old or older who participated in the 2001-2006 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and met the eligibility criteria for prostate specific antigen testing. The distributions of total, free and percent free prostate specific antigen were estimated by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Multivariate linear regression models were fit to determine the adjusted relationship between smoking and total and percent free prostate specific antigen while simultaneously controlling for these characteristics.Results-For all ages combined the median total and free prostate specific antigen levels were 0.90 (0.81-0.90) and 0.26 (0.25-0.28) ng/ml, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that total prostate specific antigen was 7.9% and 12.2% lower among current and former smokers, respectively, than among never smokers. High body mass index and diabetes were also statistically significantly associated with a lower total prostate specific antigen. Approximately a third of the men had a percent free prostate specific antigen less than 25%. Current smokers had a significantly lower percent free prostate specific antigen than former smokers.Conclusions-Our finding that smoking is inversely associated with total prostate specific antigen may have potential implications for the interpretation of prostate specific antigen levels in men who are current or former smokers. Given the high prevalence of smoking, obesity and diabetes, additional research on the combined effect of these health risk factors is warranted. Keywords HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptAlthough the mortality benefit from screening with PSA is uncertain, 1,2 PSA based screening has resulted in a downward stage shift to more organ confined prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis. 3 The often used PSA cut point of greater than 4.0 ng/ml detects the majority of prostate cancers. However, the specificity of the PSA test is low and has led to a high rate of false-positive results, particularly among older men with BPH. Percent-free PSA (the ratio of fPSA-to-tPSA) testing has been used as an adjunct to PSA tests to enhance the specificity and decrease the number of unnecessary biopsies. 4 It has been recognized that age, race, BPH, prostate size and prostatitis can influence PSA levels. 5,6 Epidemiological studies have also shown that PSA can be affected by several heath characteristics including obesity, diabetes and certain medications such as NSAIDs, statins and...

show abstract