Serum Proteomics Identifies Immune Pathways and Candidate Biomarkers of Coronavirus Infection in Wild Vampire Bats

Becker, Daniel; Lei, Guang-Sheng; Janech, Michael G.; Bland, Alison M.; Fenton, M. Brock; Simmons, Nancy B.; Relich, Ryan F.; Neely, Benjamin A.

doi:10.3389/fviro.2022.862961

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Additionally, very few studies sampled in the United States and Canada (two and three, respectively). However, we acknowledge that progress towards addressing some of these gaps has been made since the onset of the pandemic; for example, more recent bat surveillance work has taken place in Latin America and Madagascar [19,[22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling strategies and pre-pandemic surveillance gaps for bat coronaviruses

Cohen

Fagre

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, and the challenge of pinpointing its ecological and evolutionary context, has highlighted the importance of evidence-based strategies for monitoring viral dynamics in bat reservoir hosts. Here, we compiled the results of 93,877 samples collected from bats across 111 studies between 1996 and 2018, and used these to develop an unprecedented open database, with over 2,400 estimates of coronavirus infection prevalence or seroprevalence at the finest methodological, spatiotemporal, and phylogenetic level of detail possible from public records. These data revealed a high degree of heterogeneity in viral prevalence, reflecting both real spatiotemporal variation in viral dynamics and the effect of variation in sampling design. Phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis revealed that the most significant determinant of successful viral detection was repeat sampling (i.e., returning to the same site multiple times); however, fewer than one in five studies longitudinally collected and reported data. Viral detection was also more successful in some seasons and from certain tissues, but was not improved by the use of euthanasia, indicating that viral detection may not be improved by terminal sampling. Finally, we found that prior to the pandemic, sampling effort was highly concentrated in ways that reflected concerns about zoonotic risk, leaving several broad geographic regions (e.g., South Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and most of Sub-Saharan Africa) and bat subfamilies (e.g., Stenodermatinae and Pteropodinae) measurably undersampled. These gaps constitute a notable vulnerability for global health security and will likely be a future barrier to contextualizing the origin of novel zoonotic coronaviruses

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling strategies and pre-pandemic surveillance gaps for bat coronaviruses

Cohen

Fagre

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…As part of broader ecological, immunological and epidemiological studies of bats in Belize ( Herrera et al, 2018 ; Becker et al, 2020 ; Becker et al, 2021 a ; Becker et al, 2022 ), we sampled D. rotundus , S. parvidens and P. mesoamericanus during April to May 2017–2019 within the Lamanai Archaeological Reserve (LAR) of Orange Walk District, Belize (N 17.76343, W 88.65292). The LAR is a broadleaf, secondary protected forest near the New River Lagoon, for which the surrounding matrix is experiencing increasing forest loss and fragmentation as land is converted to cropland and cattle pastures ( Herrera et al, 2018 ; Ingala et al, 2019 , Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat cellular immunity varies by year and dietary habit amidst land conversion

DeAnglis,

Andrews,

Lock

et al. 2024

Conservation Physiology

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Monitoring the health of wildlife populations is essential in the face of increased agricultural expansion and forest fragmentation. Loss of habitat and habitat degradation can negatively affect an animal’s physiological state, possibly resulting in immunosuppression and increased morbidity or mortality. We sought to determine how land conversion may differentially impact cellular immunity and infection risk in Neotropical bats species regularly infected with bloodborne pathogens, and to evaluate how effects may vary over time and by dietary habit. We studied common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus), northern yellow-shouldered bats (Sturnira parvidens) and Mesoamerican mustached bats (Pteronotus mesoamericanus), representing the dietary habits of sanguivory, frugivory and insectivory respectively, in northern Belize. We compared estimated total white blood cell count, leukocyte differentials, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and infection status with two bloodborne bacterial pathogens (Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas) of 118 bats captured in a broadleaf, secondary forest over three years (2017–2019). During this period, tree cover decreased by 14.5% while rangeland expanded by 14.3%, indicating increasing habitat loss and fragmentation. We found evidence for bat species-specific responses of cellular immunity between years, with neutrophil counts significantly decreasing in S. parvidens from 2017 to 2018, but marginally increasing in D. rotundus. However, the odds of infection with Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas between 2017 and 2019 did not differ between bat species, contrary to our prediction that pathogen prevalence may increase with land conversion. We conclude that each bat species invested differently in cellular immunity in ways that changed over years of increasing habitat loss and fragmentation. We recommend further research on the interactions between land conversion, immunity and infection across dietary habits of Neotropical bats for informed management and conservation.

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“…As part of broader ecological, immunological, and epidemiological studies of bats in Belize (Herrera et al, 2018;Becker et al 2020a;Becker et al 2020, Becker et al 2021aBecker et al 2022 ), we sampled D. rotundus, S. parvidens, and P. mesoamericanus during April to May 2017-2019 within the Lamanai Archaeological Reserve (LAR) of Orange Walk District, Belize (N 17.76343, W 88.65292). The LAR is a broadleaf, secondary protected forest near the New River Lagoon, for which the surrounding matrix is experiencing increasing fragmentation as land is converted to cropland and cattle pastures (Herrera et al 2018;Ingala et al 2019, Figure 1).…”

Section: Bat Capture and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat cellular immunity varies by year and dietary habit in an increasingly fragmented landscape

DeAnglis,

Andrews,

Lock

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Monitoring the health of wildlife populations is essential in the face of increased agricultural expansion and forest fragmentation. Loss of habitat and habitat degradation can negatively affect an animal's physiological state, possibly resulting in immunosuppression and increased morbidity or mortality. We sought to determine how fragmentation may differentially impact cellular immunity and infection risk in Neotropical bats species regularly infected with bloodborne pathogens, and to evaluate how effects may vary over time and by dietary habit. We studied common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus), northern yellow-shouldered bats (Sturnira parvidens), and Mesoamerican mustached bats (Pteronotus mesoamericanus), representing the dietary habits of sanguinivory, frugivory, and insectivory respectively, in northern Belize. We compared estimated total white blood cell counts, leukocyte differentials, and infection status with two blood-borne bacterial pathogens (Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas) of 118 bats captured in a broadleaf, secondary forest over a three-year period (2017-2019) of increasing habitat fragmentation. We found evidence for bat species-specific responses of cellular immunity between years, with neutrophil counts increasing in D. rotundus, but decreasing in S. parvidens and P. mesoamericanus from 2018 to 2019. However, the odds of infection with Bartonella spp. and hemoplasma spp. between 2017 and 2019 did not differ between bat species, contrary to our prediction that pathogen prevalence may increase with increased fragmentation. We conclude that each bat species invested differently in cellular immunity in ways that changed over years of increasing fragmentation. We recommend further research on the interactions between habitat fragmentation, cellular immunity, and infection across dietary habits of Neotropical bats for informed management and conservation.

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Serum Proteomics Identifies Immune Pathways and Candidate Biomarkers of Coronavirus Infection in Wild Vampire Bats

Cited by 10 publications

References 109 publications

Sampling strategies and pre-pandemic surveillance gaps for bat coronaviruses

Sampling strategies and pre-pandemic surveillance gaps for bat coronaviruses

Bat cellular immunity varies by year and dietary habit amidst land conversion

Bat cellular immunity varies by year and dietary habit in an increasingly fragmented landscape

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