Serum S100A8/A9, But Not Follistatin-like Protein 1 and Interleukin 18, May Be a Useful Biomarker of Disease Activity in Adult-onset Still’s Disease

Abstract

The data suggest that serum S100A8/A9 may be a useful biomarker for evaluating disease activity in patients with AOSD.

Presentation and diagnosis of adult-onset Still’s disease: the implications of current and emerging markers in overcoming the diagnostic challenge

“…Increased serum levels of this molecule were found in patients with AOSD, in close correlation with disease activity and severity. Later on, such results were confirmed and a positive correlation of S100A8/A9 with leukocyte count, ESR, CRP, ferritin, systemic disease score and also a decrease after disease activity status resolution were detected [85]. More recently, a correlation with disease activity, serological markers (ESR, CRP, ferritin) and systemic score was described for the S100A12 protein too [86].…”

“…[60] S100A8/A9 11,770 ± 8840 ng/ml 36 [85] 57.11 ± 25.38 ng/ml 25 [84] 0.5-9 ng/ml 18 [35] S100A12 547.9 ± 148.4 ng/ml 37 [86] Procalcitonin 0.09-71 ng/ml 5 [70] 2-10 ng/ml 1 [72] 0-1.4 ng/ml 38 [73] SD: Standard deviations.…”

TLR4 Endogenous Ligand S100A8/A9 Levels in Adult-Onset Still’s Disease and Their Association with Disease Activity and Clinical Manifestations

“…Some studies showed that systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (systemic JIA) is associated with high concentrations of S100A8/A9 [17,18,19]. Furthermore, we showed previously elevated serum S100A8/A9 levels in AOSD patients, compared with healthy controls (HCs), and their correlation with several disease activity markers in AOSD [20]. …”

“…S100A8/A9 has shown to be a biomarker of several inflammatory diseases including RA, systemic JIA, inflammatory bowel disease, and AOSD [19,20,22,23,24]. One study showed that serum S100A8/A9 levels were higher in patients with active systemic JIA, compared with those with systemic infections and HCs [18].…”

Adult-onset Still's disease: current challenges and future prospects

“…In a study of the calcium-binding proteins S100A8, S100A9, and IL-18 on 36 patients with AOSD, S100A8/A9 levels were higher than in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or healthy controls, correlated with known inflammatory markers and disease activity scores, and significantly decreased after treatment of AOSD. IL-18 levels performed even better for diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 99.1% at a cutoff of 366.1 pg/mL, but did not decrease after treatment of AOSD 35. Finally, in a study of 30 patients with AOSD and age-matched controls, mean calprotectin levels were significantly higher (61 ng/ml vs 35 ng/ml, P <0.05) and levels decreased after treatment of AOSD 36.…”