Serum selenium and glutathione peroxidase-3 activity: biomarkers of systemic inflammation in the critically ill?

Manzanares, William; Biestro, Alberto; Galusso, Federico; Torre, Marı́a H.; Mañáy, Nelly; Pittini, Gustavo; Facchin, Gianella; Hardy, Gil

doi:10.1007/s00134-008-1356-5

Cited by 126 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Also, those with low levels of selenium or GPx had a significantly higher risk of developing SIRS and MODS. The authors discuss a possible mechanism based on the fact that a deficiency of selenium could activate the nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NFk-B) and promote vasoconstriction and coagulation, as seen in SIRS [18].…”

Section: Selenium and Cardiovascular Diseases: From Prevention To Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and coenzyme Q10 interrelationship in cardiovascular diseases – A clinician's point of view

Alehagen

Aaseth

2015

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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Section: Selenium and Cardiovascular Diseases: From Prevention To Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and coenzyme Q10 interrelationship in cardiovascular diseases – A clinician's point of view

Alehagen

Aaseth

2015

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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“…Despite intervention measures in SIRS cases using Se supplementation (40 lg/day), patients with low initial Se levels tended to stay low and this was particularly true in patients whose condition worsened. Another study that confirmed the association between Se levels and SIRS outcome demonstrated that GPX3 activity was decreased in patients with severe SIRS (154). Based on the correlative data just described, there has emerged an interest in the use of Se supplementation as an intervention of SIRS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The broad definition of SIRS and the numerous underlying causes make this an especially difficult condition to characterize and treat. SIRS is characterized by an early decrease in Se status as demonstrated by low plasma Se, GPX3 activity, and SELP levels (73,154,214). The changes in Se status observed during SIRS suggest that this nutritional factor may serve as a potential biomarker or prognostic indicator for intensive care unit patients with SIRS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study involving 238 sepsis patients used a bolus of 1000 lg Se followed by 14 days of continuous intravenous injection (1000 lg Se/day) and reported increased GPX3 and plasma Se levels along with a significant decrease in mortality rate in the Se supplemented group relative to the placebo group (8). Another study involving 35 patients with SIRS used a bolus of 2000 lg Se followed by 10 days continuous infusion with 1600 lg/day, and results showed a significant decrease in the incidence of infection and severity of the illness (154). These studies illustrate the complex roles of timing and dosage for using Se in treating SIRS while suggesting a generally negative correlation between Se levels and illness severity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Role of Selenium in Inflammation and Immunity: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities

Huang

Rose

Hoffmann

2012

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

710

496

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Dietary selenium (]Se), mainly through its incorporation into selenoproteins, plays an important role in inflammation and immunity. Adequate levels of Se are important for initiating immunity, but they are also involved in regulating excessive immune responses and chronic inflammation. Evidence has emerged regarding roles for individual selenoproteins in regulating inflammation and immunity, and this has provided important insight into mechanisms by which Se influences these processes. Se deficiency has long been recognized to negatively impact immune cells during activation, differentiation, and proliferation. This is related to increased oxidative stress, but additional functions such as protein folding and calcium flux may also be impaired in immune cells under Se deficient conditions. Supplementing diets with above-adequate levels of Se can also impinge on immune cell function, with some types of inflammation and immunity particularly affected and sexually dimorphic effects of Se levels in some cases. In this comprehensivearticle, the roles of Se and individual selenoproteins in regulating immune cell signaling and function are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to how Se and selenoproteins are linked to redox signaling, oxidative burst, calcium flux, and the subsequent effector functions of immune cells. Data obtained from cell culture and animal models are reviewed and compared with those involving human physiology and pathophysiology, including the effects of Se levels on inflammatory or immune-related diseases including anti-viral immunity, autoimmunity, sepsis, allergic asthma, and chronic inflammatory disorders. Finally, the benefits and potential adverse effects of intervention with Se supplementation for various inflammatory or immune disorders are discussed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 16, 705-743.

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“…During CPB there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS) initiated by preventing an excessive build-up of SOD and hydrogen peroxide (Figure 4-1). Their activity is dependent on appropriate levels of essential trace elements such as selenium for GPx activity, 183 and copper and zinc for SOD activity. 184,185 Reductions of selenium in non-cardiac critically ill patients have been associated with increases in mortality and morbidity, 5,128 while a recent study of adult cardiac surgical patients indicated that decreases in selenium were associated with increased postoperative multi-organ failure (MOF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and oxidative stress modulation during extracorporeal circulation

McDonald¹

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Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RNOS) and the antioxidant system. In cardiac surgery patients and the critically ill there is an association between oxidative stress and morbidity and mortality.Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) encompasses cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) which is used for cardiac surgery; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) which is used for cardio-respiratory support in the critically ill and haemodialysis which is used in patients with intermittent or end-stage renal failure.During ECC, the patient's total blood volume is in direct contact with an artificial surface for extended periods. In addition, there is often pre-existing inflammation, surgical trauma and/or ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury, all of which are major activators for the increased production of RNOS. Concurrent decreases in the level of essential antioxidants and trace elements (such as selenium, zinc and copper) occur, which upset redox balance in favour of oxidative stress. The trace element selenium is required for the normal function of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Despite in vitro and biochemical data suggesting that reinforcement of antioxidant activity by selenium supplementation might reduce excessive oxidative stress damage, there is conflicting evidence in clinical studies.The reason for failure of antioxidant supplementation in the clinical setting is currently unclear.We postulated that the ECC and its associated interventions such as transfusion, might have a larger impact on trace element loss, antioxidant function and the oxidative stress response than previously recognised. This led to the following questions:  What is the selenium level in healthy Queensland residents, and is this level similar to that reported in other parts of the world? Does a patient's pre-CPB or pre-ECMO circulating selenium level influence their outcome? Does the ECC independently alter circulating selenium levels and the oxidative stress response? Do other interventions during ECC, such as transfusion, alter circulating selenium and oxidative stress levels?iii This thesis focussed on oxidative stress and the trace element selenium, because oxidative stress is associated with poorer outcomes in cardiac and critically ill patients, and decreased selenium is independently associated with poorer outcomes. To answer the research questions outlined above, a series of experiments were designed and conducted, and they generated the following new information.The average selenium level in a Queensland blood donor population was defined at 1.09 µmol/L (Chapter 3). In addition 88.5% of participants had a selenium level lower than the critical level required for maximal glutathione peroxidase activity, which has previously been determined to be between 1.14 -1.27 µmol/L. Furthermore, this study generated novel information that packed red blood cells and buffy coat pooled platelets have very low levels of selenium (≤ 0.3 µmol/L).The effect of car...

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Serum selenium and glutathione peroxidase-3 activity: biomarkers of systemic inflammation in the critically ill?

Abstract: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and MODS were associated with early decreases in [Se] and [GPx-3]. Low [Se] and [GPx-3] after ICU admission had a predictive value for SIRS, which may aid future selection of patients who could benefit from Se supplementation.

Cited by 126 publications

References 36 publications

Selenium and coenzyme Q10 interrelationship in cardiovascular diseases – A clinician's point of view

Selenium and coenzyme Q10 interrelationship in cardiovascular diseases – A clinician's point of view

The Role of Selenium in Inflammation and Immunity: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities

Selenium and oxidative stress modulation during extracorporeal circulation

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